Anthelmintic activity of steroidal saponins from Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright against Dactylogyrus intermedius (Monogenea) in goldfish (Carassius auratus)

Abstract

Dactylogyrus intermedius is one of the most pathogenic monogenean parasites on the gills of captive fish and can cause serious problem in aquaculture. To attempt controlling this parasite and explore novel potential antiparasitic agents, the present study was designed to investigate the anthelmintic activity of Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright against D. intermedius in goldfish under in vivo conditions. Bioactivity-guided fractionation and isolation of the compounds responsible for anthelmintic activity was carried out with the ethanolic extract yielding two bioactive compounds. Using MS, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR spectroscopic analyses, the two compounds were identified as trillin and gracillin. The results of in vivo anthelmintic efficacy assay showed that the 48-h median effective concentrations (EC(50)) are 26.48 mg L(-1) for trillin and 0.18 mg L(-1) for gracillin. The 48-h acute toxicity tests (LD(50)) of trillin and gracillin were found to be 73.11 and 1.40 mg L(-1) for goldfish, respectively. The resulting therapeutic indices for the two active compounds are 2.76 and 7.78, respectively. These data confirmed that both trillin and gracillin are effective against D. intermedius, and the gracillin exhibits more interesting perspectives for the development of a candidate antiparasitic agent.

Screening of 42 medicinal plants for in vivo anthelmintic activity against Dactylogyrus intermedius (Monogenea) in goldfish (Carassius auratus)

“…The current work in our laboratory is focused on screening medicinal plants with promising anthelmintic activity and isolating groups of compounds/pure compounds responsible for the activity. We have previously reported that crude extracts of several traditional medicinal plants, such as Arctium lappa L., Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright, Paris polyphylla, Angelica pubescens, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, and Cimicifuga foetida L. (Wang et al 2009a(Wang et al , 2010aLiu et al 2010;Lu et al 2011;Wu et al 2011) and some bioactive compounds, including arctigenin, trillin, gracillin, and dioscin (Wang et al 2009a(Wang et al , b, 2010b can effectively control the D. intermedius infection in goldfish (Carassius auratus). This study screened 42 kinds of medicinal plants for anthelmintic activity against D. intermedius in goldfish (C. auratus).…”

In vivo evaluation of anthelmintic potential of medicinal plant extracts against Dactylogyrus intermedius (Monogenea) in goldfish (Carassius auratus)

“…These parasites are egg layers with two to four eyespots and one pair of large anchor hooks, and have a direct life cycle without intermediate host (Wang et al 2010a). Their life cycle comprises an obligate adult stage, fertilized egg, and free-swimming larvae stage.…”

Effects of aqueous extract of Capsicum frutescens (Solanaceae) against the fish ectoparasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

“…Recently, increased research activities have been demonstrated on the utilization of plant extracts to treat parasitic diseases in animals, including fish (Madsen et al 2000;Paolini et al 2003;Zahir et al 2009;Wang et al 2009Wang et al , 2010. Buchmann et al (2003) reported raw extracts from garlic (Allium sativum) were used to treat I. multifiliis infestation by killing theronts and tomonts.…”