Anterior cerebellar vermal stimulation: Effect on behavior and basal forebrain neurochemistry in rat

Albert, Todd J.; Dempesy, Colby W.; Sorenson, Charles A.

doi:10.1016/0006-3223(85)90111-8

Cited by 46 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Heath and colleagues (Heath, Franklin, Walker, & Keating, 1982) postulated that atrophy of the cerebellum may reduce its inhibitory influence on prefrontal regions and its facilitatory influence on reward systems (e.g., the nucleus accumbens). Indeed lesions of the cerebellum have been shown to result in decreased dopamine [a strong modulator of amygdala responses to emotion-laden stimuli (Rosenkranz & Grace, 2002;Tessitore et al, 2002)] and norepinephrine levels in the forebrain and thalamus and increased serotonin levels in the thalamus (Albert, Dempesy, & Sorenson, 1985;Cano, Garcia-Uria, Machado, & Reinoso-Suarez, 1980). A reduced excitation of reward systems in response to appetitive stimuli may account for the failure of persons with cerebellar stroke to experience pleasant feelings to happiness-evoking stimuli, while leaving their ability to experience frightening stimuli unaffected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cerebellum and emotional experience

et al. 2007

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SummaryWhile the role of the cerebellum in motor coordination is widely accepted, the notion that it is involved in emotion has only recently gained popularity. To date, functional neuroimaging has not been used in combination with lesion studies to elucidate the role of the cerebellum in the processing of emotional material. We examined six participants with cerebellar stroke and nine age and education matched healthy volunteers. In addition to a complete neuropsychological, neurologic, and psychiatric examination, participants underwent [ 15 O]water positron emission tomography (PET) while responding to emotion-evoking visual stimuli. Cerebellar lesions were associated with reduced pleasant experience in response to happiness-evoking stimuli. Stroke patients reported an unpleasant experience to frightening stimuli similar to healthy controls, yet showed significantly lower activity in the right ventral lateral and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, amygdala, thalamus, and retrosplenial cingulate gyrus. Frightening stimuli led to increased activity in the ventral medial prefrontal, anterior cingulate, pulvinar, and insular cortex. This suggests that alternate neural circuitry became responsible for maintaining the evolutionarily critical fear response after cerebellar damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cerebellum and emotional experience

et al. 2007

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“…Although the present results do not allow us to draw strong inferences on the neurophysiological mechanisms involved in this study, we aimed to inhibit neuronal excitability of the superficial layers of the cerebellar vermis. There is some indirect evidence showing that lesions to the anterior cerebellar vermis can reduce mesolimbic dopamine activity [46]. This may have set the stage for increased susceptibility to negative-laden stimuli on the subcortical level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cerebellum in Emotion Regulation: A Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study

2008

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Several lines of evidence suggest that the cerebellum may play a role in the regulation of emotion. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that inhibition of cerebellar function using slow repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) would lead to increased negative mood as a result of impaired emotion regulation. In a randomized counterbalanced within-subjects design, 12 healthy young right-handed volunteers received 20 min of cerebellar, occipital, or sham 1 Hz rTMS on three separate days. Mood state inventories were acquired prior to and immediately after rTMS and after an emotion regulation task (ERT). In the ERT, participants were instructed to either look at aversive and neutral scenes, or to suppress the negative feelings experienced while watching aversive scenes during which the electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. Results showing no changes in baseline-corrected mood were observed immediately after rTMS. However, significant increases in baseline-corrected negative mood following the ERT were reported after cerebellar rTMS exclusively. No effects on the EEG during the ERT were observed. These findings provide support for the view that the cerebellum is implicated in the regulation of emotion and mood, and concur with evidence of cerebellar abnormalities observed in disorders associated with emotion dysregulation. In order to clarify the underlying biological mechanisms involved, more research is needed.

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“…In this regard, it is of interest that CRF within the cerebellum is concentrated in the vermis and the associated fastigial nucleus, areas previously implicated in arousal and autonomic and affective functions (e.g., Dempesy et al, 1983;Haines et al, 1984;Albert et al, 1985;Americ et al, 1987). Thus, these cerebellar circuits may constitute one component of a larger CRF-containing network that becomes activated in response to stress-inducing stimuli.…”

Section: Functional Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticotropin-releasing factor in olivocerebellar climbing-fiber system of monkey (Saimiri sciureus and Macaca fascicularis): parasagittal and regional organization visualized by immunohistochemistry

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1988

J. Neurosci.

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An antiserum directed against the human form of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) was utilized for immunohistochemical visualization of the distribution of this peptide in the inferior olivary nucleus and cerebellum of 2 monkey species (Saimiri sciureus, Macaca fascicularis). Colchicine pretreatment was not used. In both species, immunoreactivity was evident in the vast majority of neurons in the inferior olivary nucleus, with perikarya in the medial accessory olive exhibiting especially intense staining. In cerebellum, no labeled perikarya were present, but immunoreactive axons exhibiting the morphological characteristics of climbing fibers and their collaterals were observed in cortical and nuclear structures. In the cortex, most labeled axons were confined to the molecular and Purkinje cell layers. In the sagittal plane, individual axonal arbors originated from thick, isolated axons at the base of the molecular layer and repeatedly ramified as they extended toward the cortical surface. In coronal sections, only thin, paired profiles were present. Labeled processes also formed efflorescences in the granular layer of cortex and were evident as highly arborized axons in cerebellar nuclei. In each of these instances, the labeled elements resembled climbing fibers or their collaterals as visualized by other methods. Other labeled processes in the granular layer exhibited the morphological characteristics of mossy fiber axons. Immunoreactive, climbing-fiber- like axons were present in the molecular layer throughout the major regions of cerebellar cortex. However, the most intensely labeled of these axons were strikingly clustered within particular regions and parasagittal domains. In the vermis and intermediate zone, intensely labeled axons were present only within parasagittal zones similar in location to those defined by climbing fiber innervation from the medial accessory olive. Intensely labeled axons were also densely but uniformly distributed within the uvula, the medial region of the dorsal paraflocculus, and the dorsal region of the pyramis, areas that receive their climbing fiber input primarily from the medial accessory olive. Labeled fibers were much less dense and were not clustered in the lateral hemispheres. The present observation of CRF-like immunoreactivity in the monkey olivocerebellar pathway is compatible with the previous observation of CRF mRNA within olivary neurons of rat, baboon, and human (Young et al., 1986) and with recent immunohistochemical findings in rat (Sakanaka et al., 1987; Palkovits et al., 1987), cat (Cummings et al., 1988; Kitahama et al., 1988), sheep (Cummings et al., 1988), and human (Powers et al., 1987).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Anterior cerebellar vermal stimulation: Effect on behavior and basal forebrain neurochemistry in rat

Cited by 46 publications

References 13 publications

The cerebellum and emotional experience

The cerebellum and emotional experience

The Cerebellum in Emotion Regulation: A Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study

Corticotropin-releasing factor in olivocerebellar climbing-fiber system of monkey (Saimiri sciureus and Macaca fascicularis): parasagittal and regional organization visualized by immunohistochemistry

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