Anopheles fauna of coastal Cayenne, French Guiana: modelling and mapping of species presence using remotely sensed land cover data

Abstract

Little is known about the Anopheles species of the coastal areas of French Guiana, or their spatiotemporal distribution or environmental determinants. The present study aimed to (1) document the distribution of Anopheles fauna in the coastal area around Cayenne, and (2) investigate the use of remotely sensed land cover data as proxies of Anopheles presence. To characterise the Anopheles fauna, we combined the findings of two entomological surveys that were conducted during the period 2007-2009 and in 2014 at 37 sites. Satellite imagery data were processed to extract land cover variables potentially related to Anopheles ecology. Based on these data, a methodology was formed to estimate a statistical predictive model of the spatial-seasonal variations in the presence of Anopheles in the Cayenne region. Two Anopheles species, known as main malaria vectors in South America, were identified, including the more dominant An. aquasalis near town and rural sites, and An. darlingi only found in inland sites. Furthermore, a cross-validated model of An. aquasalis presence that integrated marsh and forest surface area was extrapolated to generate predictive maps. The present study supports the use of satellite imagery by health authorities for the surveillance of malaria vectors and planning of control strategies.

Identification of French Guiana anopheline mosquitoes by MALDI-TOF MS profiling using protein signatures from two body parts

“…darlingi , other Anopheles species were reported to transmit Plasmodium pathogens in this area during their blood feeding [ 2 , 3 , 10 , 40 ]. Moreover, these malaria vectors live in sympatry with other anopheline species non-malaria vectors [ 39 ]. Indeed, in an effective program aiming to prevent or to eliminate malaria transmission, an accurate identification of Anopheles species remains a key factor.…”

“…Anopheles adult female mosquitoes were selected from field mosquito collections done in 6 distinct sites from French Guiana, during entomological surveys, using different collection methods, over different sampling periods (Fig 1 and Table 1) [3,[38][39][40]. No permits were required for the described study, which complied with all relevant regulations; the land accessed was public (not privately owned or protected) and no protected or sensitive animals or plants were sampled.…”

Identification of French Guiana anopheline mosquitoes by MALDI-TOF MS profiling using protein signatures from two body parts

“…darlingi , other Anopheles species were reported to transmit Plasmodium pathogens in this area during their blood feeding [10,41]. Moreover these malaria vectors live in sympatry with other anopheline species non-malaria vectors [40]. Indeed, in an effective program aiming to prevent or to eliminate malaria transmission, an accurate identification of Anopheles species remains a key factor.…”

Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in French Guiana: 2005–2019

“…Malaria incidence is strongly influenced by environmental factors that determine the availability and productivity of Anopheles habitats. One previous study described a model based on meteorological data and satellite imagery of the landscape to predict vector densities in coastal areas of Cayenne and Cacao village, and at the border between French Guiana and Brazil [10][11][12]. There is no current literature regarding malaria incidence in neighboring Suriname, or on the impact of the relationship between deforestation, meteorological factors, and malaria cases in Brazil and French Guiana [4,13,14].…”