Anomia

Laine, Matti; Martin, Nadine

doi:10.4324/9780203759561

Cited by 37 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Anomia is the most common symptom of acquired language disorders (aphasias), whether they are caused by stroke (Laine, 2013), tumor resection (Davie, Hutcheson, Barringer, Weinberg, & Lewin, 2009), or neurodegenerative disease (Mesulam, Wieneke, et al, 2009), the latter known as primary progressive aphasias (PPA). Unlike vascular lesions, atrophy in PPA is equally likely to occur in any region of the language network, including areas not typically vulnerable to cerebrovascular incident (Gorno-Tempini, et al, 2004; Mesulam, Wieneke, et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Am I looking at a cat or a dog? Gaze in the semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia is subject to excessive taxonomic capture

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Mesulam

Voss

et al. 2016

Journal of Neurolinguistics

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Object naming impairments or anomias are the most frequent symptom in aphasia, and can be caused by a variety of underlying neurocognitive mechanisms. Anomia in neurodegenerative or primary progressive aphasias (PPA) often appears to be based on taxonomic blurring of word meaning: words such as “dog” and “cat” are still recognized generically as referring to animals, but are no longer conceptually differentiated from each other, leading to coordinate errors in word-object matching. This blurring is the hallmark symptom of the “semantic variant” of PPA, who invariably show focal atrophy in the left anterior temporal lobe. In this study we used eye tracking to characterize information processing online (in real time) as non-aphasic controls, semantic and non-semantic PPA participants completed a word-to-object matching task. All participants (including controls) showed taxonomic capture of gaze, spending more time viewing foils that were from the same category as the target compared to unrelated foils, but capture was more extreme in the semantic PPA group. The semantic group showed heightened capture even on trials where they ultimately pointed to the correct target, demonstrating the superiority of eye movements over traditional testing methods in detecting subtle processing impairments. Heightened capture was primarily driven by a tendency to direct gaze back and forth, repeatedly, between a set of related foils on each trial, a behavior almost never shown by controls or non-semantic participants. This suggests semantic PPA participants were accumulating and weighing evidence for a probabilistic rather than definitive mapping between the noun and several candidate objects. Neurodegeneration in PPA thus appears to distort lexical concepts prior to extinguishing them altogether, causing uncertainty in recognition and word-object matching.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Am I looking at a cat or a dog? Gaze in the semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia is subject to excessive taxonomic capture

Seçkin

Mesulam

Voss

et al. 2016

Journal of Neurolinguistics

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“…As mentioned it is possible that the observed difference in noun compound production in our data is in part a consequence of the fact that the speakers with aphasia in general use fewer nouns than the neurologically healthy speakers. The majority of the speakers with aphasia in our study have a type of aphasia where we would expect particular problems with the production of nouns (fluent, anomic) (Laine and Martin, 2006). When we compare the percentage of compound noun types between the groups and for the two text production tasks, the differences do not reach statistical significance, although for the Cookie Theft descriptions the difference is clearer than for the cartoon descriptions.…”

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 66%

Compound nouns in spoken language production by speakers with aphasia compared to neurologically healthy speakers: An exploratory study

Eiesland

Lind

2011

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics

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Compounds are words that are made up of at least two other words (lexemes), featuring lexical and syntactic characteristics and thus particularly interesting for the study of language processing. Most studies of compounds and language processing have been based on data from experimental single word production and comprehension tasks. To enhance the ecological validity of morphological processing research, data from other contexts, such as discourse production, need to be considered. This study investigates the production of nominal compounds in semi-spontaneous spoken texts by a group of speakers with fluent types of aphasia compared to a group of neurologically healthy speakers. The speakers with aphasia produce significantly fewer nominal compound types in their texts than the non-aphasic speakers, and the compounds they produce exhibit fewer different types of semantic relations than the compounds produced by the non-aphasic speakers. The results are discussed in relation to theories of language processing.

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“…The frequency effect in naming, repetition, and reading aloud, as well as by the formal paraphasias that she occasionally produced in naming, point to an impairment of the phonological output lexicon (Goldrick & Rapp, 2007; Whitworth, Webster, & Howard, 2005). An additional impairment of the programming of phoneme sequences for output is suggested by her many phonological errors and often successful repair sequences, as well as the length effect in naming and pseudoword repetition (Laine & Martin, 2006; Whitworth et al, 2005). Moreover, TS had a post-semantic impairment in writing including the programming of grapheme sequences: she made orthographic errors that led to nonwords and showed a length effect in written naming.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anomia is one of the most frequent symptoms in aphasia and consequently a significant target in treatment (Laine & Martin, 2006; p. 1; Nickels, 2002). In spite of extensive research on naming disorders, surprisingly little attention has been directed to the role of word learning ability in recovery and treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vocabulary acquisition in aphasia: Modality can matter

Tuomiranta

Grönroos

Martin

et al. 2014

Journal of Neurolinguistics

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The present case study investigated modality-specific aspects of novel word acquisition in aphasia. It was prompted by recent aphasia case studies indicating great interindividual variability in the ability to learn and maintain novel words in aphasia. Moreover, two previous case studies revealed a striking effect of input modality by showing effective word learning and re-learning via visual input only (Kohen, Sola, Tuomiranta, Laine, & Martin, 2012; Tuomiranta et al., 2014). The present participant TS with chronic nonfluent aphasia and post-semantic anomia was administered novel word–referent learning tasks. In the first experiment, the learning phase included simultaneous phonological and orthographic input, while the follow-up was probed separately for spoken and written responses. In the second experiment, we studied the effect of four different input and output modality combinations on her ability to learn to name the novel items. In the first experiment, TS’s spoken naming performance during the learning phase was just within the range of healthy controls. Maintenance declined and remained outside that range during the whole 6-month follow-up. However, TS maintained the learned words better in written than in spoken naming throughout the follow-up, and in written naming, her maintenance stayed within the control’s range up to 8 weeks post-training. The second experiment indicated that the best learning outcome was achieved with orthographic input. Orthographic input combined with orthographic output resulted in fast and accurate learning of the novel words. Interestingly, TS’s test profile was opposite to her learning profile, as she repeated better than she read aloud in the linguistic background assessment. The results from the present case highlight the importance of multiple learning channels for word acquisition in individuals with aphasia. Probing the functionality of different input and output channels for learning may also prove valuable in tailoring effective treatment for persons with aphasia.

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Anomia

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Am I looking at a cat or a dog? Gaze in the semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia is subject to excessive taxonomic capture

Am I looking at a cat or a dog? Gaze in the semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia is subject to excessive taxonomic capture

Compound nouns in spoken language production by speakers with aphasia compared to neurologically healthy speakers: An exploratory study

Vocabulary acquisition in aphasia: Modality can matter

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