Annotated list of the Phlebotominae (Diptera) of Suriname

Abstract

Phlebotomine sandflies were collected between 1952 and 1984 at 30 localities in the tropical rainforest and savanna regions of Suriname. Thirty-nine species were identified in the collections (2 Brumptomyia, 37 lutzomyia), including two known vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis, Lutzomyia flaviscutellata and L. umbratilis. Nineteen of the species are new records for Suriname. In the rainforest region, the commonest phlebotomines were L. squatniventris maripaensis (79.8%), L. umbratilis (8.4%) and L. flaviscutellata (6.3%) in human bait catches, L. umbratilis (26.2%), L. infraspinosa (23.9%) and L. trichopyga (8.3%) in CDC light traps and L. umbratilis (84.3%), L. whitmani (6.8%) and L. shannoni (4.3%) in collections from tree trunks. The mean incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis from 1979-1985 was 4.9 per 1000 inhabitants for the rainforest region and 0.66 per 1000 for Surinameas a whole

Report on a collection of Lutzomyia sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from the middle Solimões (Amazonas, Brazil)

“…Burgos and Hudson (1994) report only 37 species of phlebotomines from Suriname, including 32 species of Lutzomyia among 1556 individuals from CDC traps in rainforest in different parts of the country (α=5.7). (Fig.…”

First report of Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) umbratilis Ward & Frahia, 1977 outside of Amazonian Region, in Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)

“…has been reported in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guyana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela (Young & Duncan 1994, Burgos & Hudson 1994 and Ecuador (F Le Pont 1996, pers. commun.).…”

Epidemiological, Biological and Clinical Aspects of Leishmaniasis with Special Emphasis on Busi Yasi in Suriname

“…However, in the past decades, a number of patients presented with clinical forms of the disease that behaved differently from that associated with this parasite species. The presumption that there were other Leishmania species present in Suriname was confirmed by PCR-based methods identifying a few cases of leishmaniasis caused by L. (V.) lainsoni [159], L. (V.) naiffi [164], L. (V.) braziliensis [165], and L. (L.) amazonensis [159,166]. At the same time, sand fly species associated with the transmission of CL by all the above-mentioned Leishmania species were detected in high-transmission areas of CL in Suriname [167,168].…”

“…The infection responds in general favorably to pentamidine isethionate [109,110] if not resolving spontaneously [54,83,84], but, as mentioned above, accomplishes cures in only about 75% of patients [112,165]. This suggests that some of the infections may be caused by Leishmania species other than L. (V.) guyanensis which do not respond to pentamidine isethionate [159,[164][165][166]. It is also possible that the infections are caused by distinct populations of L. (V.) guyanensis which behave differently from each other with respect to severity and dissemination of cutaneous lesions as well as response to pentamidine isethionate.…”

“…CL is the main manifestation of leishmaniasis in Suriname [109,112,159,165] [159,165,166]. As both parasite species have also been associated with more serious forms of leishmaniasis [35,176,[211][212][213]235], it is necessary to develop and implement proper measures for diagnosing and treating cases of MCL that may emerge in the country.…”