Annona mucosa Jacq. (Annonaceae): A promising source of bioactive compounds against Sitophilus zeamais Mots. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Abstract

New control methods are necessary for stored grain pest management programs due to both the widespread problems of insecticide-resistance populations and the increasing concerns of consumers regarding pesticide residues in food products. Thus, this study evaluated the bioactivity of extracts and fractions obtained from different structures (leaves, branches, and seeds) of Annona mucosa (Annonaceae) against Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), which is a primary insect pest of stored cereals in tropical conditions. In the screening assay, the most promising treatments were extracts prepared from the seeds of Annona mucosa in hexane and dichloromethane (LC 90 values of 259.31 and 425.15 mg kg À1 , respectively) and, to a lesser extent, an extract prepared from the leaves in hexane (LC 90 of 1047.15 mg kg À1). Based on these results and the chromatographic profile of the bioactive crude extracts, the extract prepared from the seeds in hexane was fractionated by liquideliquid partitioning. The dichloromethane and hydroalcoholic fractions exhibited insecticidal activity against S. zeamais, and no significant difference was observed between these two fractions. The chemical analyses (1 H NMR, HPLC, and TLC) showed the presence of alkaloids and acetogenins in the bioactive fractions, which are likely related to the observed bioactivity. Thus, A. mucosa, particularly its seeds, is a promising source of compounds that can be used as a prototype model and/or a biorational insecticide for the control of S. zeamais in stored cereals.

Efeito inseticida sistêmico de nanoformulações à base de nim sobre Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biótipo B em tomateiro

“…Muitas investigações têm sido conduzidas visando detectar novas fontes de bioinseticidas para controle de pragas em plantas cultivadas e em produtos armazenados (Amoabeng et al, 2013;Ribeiro et al, 2013Ribeiro et al, , 2014. No entanto, apesar da crescente demanda por produtos mais seletivos e seguros (Isman et al, 2011), poucas formulações têm sido desenvolvidas e disponibilizadas no mercado mundial (Isman & Greineisen, 2014).…”

Half-Normal Plots and Overdispersed Models in R: The hnp Package

“…The three overdispersion models seem to fit the data equally well, which is not a surprise because the binomial sample sizes do not vary much (from 32 to 39) and when they are equal the beta-binomial and binomial-logit-normal variance functions both reduce to the constant overdispersion form, which may be a reasonable choice for this case, see Ribeiro et al (2013).…”

“…In an experiment to assess the insecticide action of organic extracts of Annona mucosa (Annonaceae), Petri dishes containing 10g of corn were treated with extracts prepared with different parts of the plant (seeds, leaves and branches) at a concentration of 1500mg/kg or just water (control), using a completely randomized design with 10 replicates. Then 20 Sitophilus zeamais adults were placed in each Petri dish and, after 60 days, the numbers of damaged and undamaged corn grains were counted, see Ribeiro et al (2013).…”

“…For the same experiment described in the previous Section we now turn to focus on the number of emerged insects (progeny) after 60 days, see Ribeiro et al (2013). We begin by fitting a standard Poisson model, i.e., Y ij ∼ P(µ ij ), using a log link with the following linear predictor:…”

Bioactivity of the organic extracts of Annona vepretorum on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

“…It is quite normal for different plant parts to show qualitative and quantitative differences as to their chemical constituents (Shaalan et al, 2005). Acetogenins occur in the leaves, branches, roots and, particularly, in the Annonaceae seed (Bermejo et al, 2005;Ribeiro et al, 2013). Thus, it is assumed that the application of other plant structures of A. vepretorum, like seed, can yield even better results with lower lethal doses.…”