Annexins as Overlooked Regulators of Membrane Trafficking in Plant Cells

Abstract

Annexins are an evolutionary conserved superfamily of proteins able to bind membrane phospholipids in a calcium-dependent manner. Their physiological roles are still being intensively examined and it seems that, despite their general structural similarity, individual proteins are specialized toward specific functions. However, due to their general ability to coordinate membranes in a calcium-sensitive fashion they are thought to participate in membrane flow. In this review, we present a summary of the current understanding of cellular transport in plant cells and consider the possible roles of annexins in different stages of vesicular transport.

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Nodulated and Non-Nodulated Casuarina glauca Sieb. ex Spreng. Grown under Salinity Conditions Using Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS)

“…A thaumatin, also linked to the response to various abiotic stresses [55], was induced in response to salt stress in both series, while a homolog of temperature-induced lipocalins, which are also linked to the abiotic stress response [56], was upregulated only in the NOD + group. A glycine-rich RNA binding protein, member of a protein family involved in various stress responses [57], was only upregulated in the KNO 3 + series while an annexin, a member of a family of calcium-and phospholipid-binding proteins that has been linked to various stress responses [58], was upregulated in both groups. A protein disulfide isomerase, which is involved in the endoplasmic reticulum stress response that is also linked to salt stress [59,60], was only upregulated under salt stress in the KNO 3 + group.…”

Nucleus- and plastid-targeted annexin 5 promotes reproductive development in Arabidopsis and is essential for pollen and embryo formation

“…Annexins are implicated in a variety of cellular processes associated with membrane trafficking and calcium signaling [9-11, 25]. Annexins are mainly distributed within the cytoplasm and can reversibly interact with membranes in response to fluctuations in cellular calcium levels.…”

“…ANN5 promoter activity was detected in the bicellular microspore, and maximum ANN5 transcript abundance correlated with pollen maturation [7, 8]. Annexins belong to a ubiquitous family of proteins present in eukaryotic organisms [9, 10] localized to various subcellular compartments [11]. Due to their calcium- and membrane-binding capacity, annexins are known to be involved in a variety of cellular processes such as actin binding, maintenance of vesicular trafficking, cellular redox homeostasis, and ion transport [12].…”

Calcium transport across plant membranes: mechanisms and functions

“…These are cytosolic proteins that are capable of Ca 2+ ‐dependent or Ca 2+ ‐independent association with membrane phospholipids (Lizarbe et al ., ; Konopka‐Postupolska & Clark, ) and are traditionally associated with the onset of Ca 2+ ‐dependent apoptosis in animal cells. Eight putative genes encoding annexins are found in Arabidopsis, and 25 and 11 genes were detected in wheat and barley, respectively (Xu et al ., ).…”

“…Eight putative genes encoding annexins are found in Arabidopsis, and 25 and 11 genes were detected in wheat and barley, respectively (Xu et al ., ). Plant annexins differ structurally from their animal counterparts, consisting of repeated annexin domains with conserved endonexin fold binding Ca 2 + (Konopka‐Postupolska & Clark, ). The function of plant annexins is still far from understood, but some studies show that they are involved in Ca 2+ influx across the PM via formation of redox‐regulated Ca 2+ ‐permeable pores (Laohavisit et al ., , ; Baucher et al ., ).…”