Anionic polymerization of phenyl glycidyl ether

Metal‐free ring‐opening polymerization of glycidyl phenyl ether initiated by tetra‐n‐butylammonium acetate and its application to the hydroxyl‐terminated telechelic polymer

“…The presence of metal initiators during curing often results in polymers that have low insulation and that tend to rust out. It should also be noted that the polymerization of GPE is accompanied by frequent side reactions (i.e., chain transfer and termination reactions) that limit the increase in the molecular weights of poly(GPE) 13–16…”

“…It should also be noted that the polymerization of GPE is accompanied by frequent side reactions (i.e., chain transfer and termination reactions) that limit the increase in the molecular weights of poly(GPE). [13][14][15][16] We have recently developed a controlled anionic ring opening polymerization of GPE initiated with metal-free tetra-nbutylammonium fluoride (Bu 4 NF), due to a strong CAF bond formed at the initiating chain end of polymer 17,18 ; however, Bu 4 NF is hard to use because of its high hygroscopic property. Furthermore, the initiating chain end of the resulting polymer cannot be converted to other functional groups because of the strong CAF bond.…”

Metal-Free Ring-Opening Polymerization of Glycidyl Phenyl Ether by Tetrabutylammonium Fluoride

“…For curing, metal initiators are often responsible for low insulation abilities and rust out. It should also be mentioned that the polymerization of GPE is accompanied by frequent side reactions (i.e., chain transfer and termination reactions) that limit the increase in the molecular weights of poly(GPE) . In order to increase the molecular weights, controlled anionic polymerization of epoxides including GPE and propylene oxide has been developed by the use of potassium tert -butoxide, aryl silyl ether/CsF compounds, metalloporphyrin, potassium tert -butoxide/active methylene compounds, alkali metal alkoxide/trialkylaluminum system, double-metal cyanide compounds, aluminum Lewis acids, and tetraalkylammonium salts with trialkylaluminum as a cocatalyst .…”

Anionic Polymerization of Phenyl Glycidyl Ether in Miniemulsion

“…Phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) is generally used as a model monomer for the study of epoxy matrix hardening as its structure is close to the common reactant 2,2-bis[4-(glycidyloxy)phenyl]propane (DGEBA). − Solution polymerization of PGE has been reported in the past 40 years using anionic, cationic, or nucleophilic initiators. − In particular, detailed kinetic studies on the anionic polymerization of PGE were quoted mainly by Stolarzewicz , and others. , One major drawback reported by these authors is that numerous chain transfer reactions can coexist with the anionic polymerization of epoxides. Transfer reactions to the initiator 15-17 or to solvent 20 cause end-chain defects, whereas transfer to monomer 18 produces new active centers containing aliphatic double bonds and carbonyl groups.…”

“…[15][16][17] In particular, detailed kinetic studies on the anionic polymerization of PGE were quoted mainly by Stolarzewicz 18,19 and others. 20,21 One major drawback reported by these authors is that numerous chain transfer reactions can coexist with the anionic polymerization of epoxides. Transfer reactions to the initiator [15][16][17] or to solvent 20 cause end-chain defects, whereas transfer to monomer 18 produces new active centers containing aliphatic double bonds and carbonyl groups.…”