Animal Coronaviruses Induced Apoptosis

Gioti, Katerina; Kottaridi, Christine; Voyiatzaki, Chrysa; Chaniotis, Dimitrios; Ράμπιας, Θεόδωρος; Beloukas, Apostolos

doi:10.3390/life11030185

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…Some coronavirus infections induce apoptosis in host cells that may be required for viral replication and propagation in respective hosts [72]. SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 induce apoptosis through distinct mechanisms [73].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Rare Anti-Tumor Immune Response by SARS-CoV-2 in Isolated Cases of Lymphomas

Barh

Tiwari

Gomes

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Recently, two cases of complete remission of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) after SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported. However, the precise molecular mechanism of this rare event is yet to be understood. Here, we hypothesize a potential anti-tumor immune response of SARS-CoV-2 and based on a computational approach show that: (i) SARS-CoV-2 Spike-RBD may bind to the extracellular domains of CD15, CD27, CD45, and CD152 receptors of cHL or FL and may directly inhibit cell proliferation. (ii) Alternately, upon internalization after binding to these CD molecules, the SARS-CoV-2 membrane (M) protein and ORF3a may bind to gamma-tubulin complex component 3 (GCP3) at its tubulin gamma-1 chain (TUBG1) binding site. (iii) The M protein may also interact with TUBG1, blocking its binding to GCP3. (iv) Both the M and ORF3a proteins may render the GCP2-GCP3 lateral binding where the M protein possibly interacts with GCP2 at its GCP3 binding site and the ORF3a protein to GCP3 at its GCP2 interacting residues. (v) Interactions of the M and ORF3a proteins with these gamma-tubulin ring complex components potentially block the initial process of microtubule nucleation, leading to cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. (vi) The Spike-RBD may also interact with and block PD-1 signaling similar to pembrolizumab and nivolumab- like monoclonal antibodies and may induce B-cell apoptosis and remission. (vii) Finally, the TRADD interacting “PVQLSY” motif of Epstein-Barr virus LMP-1, that is responsible for NF-kB mediated oncogenesis, potentially interacts with SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, NSP7, NSP0, and spike (S) proteins, and may inhibit the LMP-1 mediated cell proliferation. Taken together, our results suggest a possible therapeutic potential of SARS-CoV-2 in lymphoproliferative disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Rare Anti-Tumor Immune Response by SARS-CoV-2 in Isolated Cases of Lymphomas

Barh

Tiwari

Gomes

et al. 2021

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some coronavirus infection induces apoptosis in host cells that may be required for the viral replication and propagation in respective hosts (56). SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 induce apoptosis through distinct mechanisms (57).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential anti-tumor immune response mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in lymphomas: can the devil be converted into a boon?

Barh

Tiwari

Gomes

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Recently, two cases of complete remission of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) after SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported. However, the precise molecular mechanism of this rare event is yet to be understood. Here, we hypothesize a potential anti-tumor immune response of SARS-CoV-2 and based on computational approach show that (i) SARS-CoV-2 Spike-RBD may bind to extracellular domains of CD15, CD27, CD45, and CD152 receptors of cHL or FL, (ii) upon internalization, SARS-CoV-2 membrane (M) protein and Orf3a may bind to gamma-tubulin complex component 3 (GCP3) at its tubulin gamma-1 chain (TUBG1) binding site, (iii) M protein may also interact with TUBG1 blocking its binding to GCP3, (iv) both M and Orf3a may render the GCP2-GCP3 lateral binding where M possibly interacts with GCP2 at its GCP3 binding site and Orf3a to GCP3 at its GCP2 interacting residues, (v) interactions of M and Orf3a with these gamma-tubulin ring complex components potentially block the initial process of microtubule nucleation, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, (vi) Spike-RBD may also interact with and block PD-1 signaling similar to pembrolizumab and nivolumab like monoclonal antibodies and may induce B-cell apoptosis and remission, (vii) finally, the TRADD interacting PVQLSY motif of Epstein-Barr virus LMP-1, that is responsible for NF-kB mediated oncogenesis, potentially interacts with SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, nsp7, nsp10, and Spike proteins and may regulate the LMP-1 mediated cell proliferation. Taken together, our results suggest a possible therapeutic potential of SARS-CoV-2 in proliferative disorders.

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“…CoVs are classified into four genera, Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus, and Deltacoronavirus infecting a plethora of hosts ranging from birds to mammals [ 39 , 40 ]. The first two genera include only mammalian CoVs and specific members such as the alpha-CoVs 229E, NL63 and the beta-CoVs HKU1 and OC43 infect the respiratory tract of humans with low pathogenicity causing asymptomatic infections to mild cold symptoms [ 41 ].…”

Section: Coronavirus Genome Organization and Innate Immunity Escape Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Coronavirus RNA-Processing Enzymes in Innate Immune Evasion

Mandilara

Koutsi

Agelopoulos

et al. 2021

Life

Self Cite

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Viral RNA sensing triggers innate antiviral responses in humans by stimulating signaling pathways that include crucial antiviral genes such as interferon. RNA viruses have evolved strategies to inhibit or escape these mechanisms. Coronaviruses use multiple enzymes to synthesize, modify, and process their genomic RNA and sub-genomic RNAs. These include Nsp15 and Nsp16, whose respective roles in RNA capping and dsRNA degradation play a crucial role in coronavirus escape from immune surveillance. Evolutionary studies on coronaviruses demonstrate that genome expansion in Nidoviruses was promoted by the emergence of Nsp14-ExoN activity and led to the acquisition of Nsp15- and Nsp16-RNA-processing activities. In this review, we discuss the main RNA-sensing mechanisms in humans as well as recent structural, functional, and evolutionary insights into coronavirus Nsp15 and Nsp16 with a view to potential antiviral strategies.

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Animal Coronaviruses Induced Apoptosis

Cited by 15 publications

References 124 publications

Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Rare Anti-Tumor Immune Response by SARS-CoV-2 in Isolated Cases of Lymphomas

Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Rare Anti-Tumor Immune Response by SARS-CoV-2 in Isolated Cases of Lymphomas

Potential anti-tumor immune response mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in lymphomas: can the devil be converted into a boon?

The Role of Coronavirus RNA-Processing Enzymes in Innate Immune Evasion

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