Animal coronaviruses and coronavirus disease 2019: Lesson for One Health approach

Poudel, Uddab; Subedi, Deepak; Pantha, Saurav; Dhakal, Santosh

doi:10.4314/ovj.v10i3.1

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Considering the importance of animal coronaviruses and lessons learned from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic with implications of animal spillover events, cross-species jumping and zoonotic concerns of SARS-CoV-2 (Jo et al 2020;Kumar et al 2020), it is time to take the One Health concept seriously, meaning that pathogen ecology and disease management need to integrate human, animal and environmental perspectives and follow necessary mitigation strategies to efficiently address health issues (Dhama et al 2013;Bhatia 2020; Gort azar and de la Fuente 2020; Poudel et al 2020;Bonilla-Aldana et al 2020b). Based on the available evidence, it is logical to speculate about the possible occurrence of animal reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2 and other relevant Betacoronaviruses, as well as of eventual animal-tohuman transmission as already suggested in mink (Delahay et al 2020;Oreshkova et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 in animals: potential for unknown reservoir hosts and public health implications

Sharun

Dhama

Pawde

et al. 2021

Veterinary Quarterly

133

103

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously 2019-nCoV) is suspected of having originated in 2019 in China from a coronavirus infected bat of the genus Rhinolophus. Following the initial emergence, possibly facilitated by a mammalian bridge host, SARS-CoV-2 is currently transmitted across the globe via efficient human-to-human transmission. Results obtained from experimental studies indicate that animal species such as cats, ferrets, raccoon dogs, cynomolgus macaques, rhesus macaques, white-tailed deer, rabbits, Egyptian fruit bats, and Syrian hamsters are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and that cat-to-cat and ferret-to-ferret transmission can take place via contact and air. However, natural infections of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported only in pet dogs and cats, tigers, lions, snow leopards, pumas, and gorillas at zoos, and farmed mink and ferrets. Even though human-to-animal spillover has been reported at several instances, SARS-CoV-2 transmission from animals-to-humans has only been reported from mink-to-humans in mink farms. Following the rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within the mink population, a new minkassociated SARS-CoV-2 variant emerged that was identified in both humans and mink. The increasing reports of SARS-CoV-2 in carnivores indicate the higher susceptibility of animal species belonging to this order. The sporadic reports of SARS-CoV-2 infection in domestic and wild animal species require further investigation to determine if SARS-CoV-2 or related Betacoronaviruses can get established in kept, feral or wild animal populations, which may eventually act as viral reservoirs. This review analyzes the current evidence of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection in domestic and wild animal species and their possible implications on public health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 in animals: potential for unknown reservoir hosts and public health implications

Sharun

Dhama

Pawde

et al. 2021

Veterinary Quarterly

133

103

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“…Not only are these veterinarians also involved in surveys and education to fight against this pandemic . This pandemic had taught a lesion for one health approach does not have exception for the control of zoonotic diseases in both humans and animals (Poudel et al, 2020).…”

Section: Fight Against Covid-19 Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prioritised Zoonotic Diseases of Nepal: A Review

Gautam

Upadhayay

Ghimre

et al. 2021

Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol

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World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) has estimated that 60% of infectious diseases and 75% of emerging and re-emerging diseases of humans have an animal origin. In Nepal there six zoonoses; Taeniasis/cysticercosis /Neurocysticercosis, Leptospirosis, Hydatidosis, Brucellosis; Toxoplasmosis and Avian Influenza are identified as priorities zoonotic diseases as they are found to have epidemic potential. Although they are prioritised, there is high prevalence of these diseases in both humans and animals with insufficient research and data. Coordination of multiple stakeholders of public and animal health and One Health collaboration are crucial to control and elimination zoonotic diseases in Nepal. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(1): 1-15

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“…Coronaviruses (CoV) are a family of RNA viruses that can be subdivided into the genera of alpha-(α-CoV), beta-(β-CoV), gamma-(γ-CoV) and delta-coronaviruses (δ-CoV) [6]. So far, predominantly α-CoVs and β-CoVs were detected in bat species which may be their natural reservoir, although they can also be found in other domestic animals such as swine and horses or in wild animals such as donkeys [7]. Most probably, γ-CoVs and δ-CoVs derived from bird CoVs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Alpha- and Betacoronaviruses in Miniopterus fuliginosus and Rousettus leschenaultii, two species of Sri Lankan Bats

et al. 2021

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Bats are known to be potential reservoirs of numerous human-pathogenic viruses. They have been identified as natural hosts for coronaviruses, causing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in humans. Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 interest in the prevalence of coronaviruses in bats was newly raised. In this study we investigated different bat species living in a sympatric colony in the Wavul Galge cave (Koslanda, Sri Lanka). In three field sessions (in 2018 and 2019), 395 bats were captured (Miniopterus, Rousettus, Hipposideros and Rhinolophus spp.) and either rectal swabs or fecal samples were collected. From these overall 396 rectal swab and fecal samples, the screening for coronaviruses with nested PCR resulted in 33 positive samples, 31 of which originated from Miniopterus fuliginosus and two from Rousettus leschenaultii. Sanger sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the obtained 384-nt fragment of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase revealed that the examined M. fuliginosus bats excrete alphacoronaviruses and the examined R. leschenaultii bats excrete betacoronaviruses. Despite the sympatric roosting habitat, the coronaviruses showed host specificity and seemed to be limited to one species. Our results represent an important basis to better understand the prevalence of coronaviruses in Sri Lankan bats and may provide a basis for pursuing studies on particular bat species of interest.

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Animal coronaviruses and coronavirus disease 2019: Lesson for One Health approach

Cited by 20 publications

References 87 publications

SARS-CoV-2 in animals: potential for unknown reservoir hosts and public health implications

SARS-CoV-2 in animals: potential for unknown reservoir hosts and public health implications

Prioritised Zoonotic Diseases of Nepal: A Review

Detection of Alpha- and Betacoronaviruses in Miniopterus fuliginosus and Rousettus leschenaultii, two species of Sri Lankan Bats

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