Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 polymorphisms and postexercise hypotension in hypertensive medicated individuals

Abstract

The renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) is associated with diverse physiological responses and adaptations to exercise. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 2 has vasodilatory effects, which might be associated with the blood pressure (BP) responses to acute exercise. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ACE2 polymorphisms in postexercise hypotension (PEH). Thirty-four medicated hypertensive (61·3 ± 1·7 years, 76·1 ± 2·7 kg, 160 ± 1·6 cm) men (n = 12) and women (n = 22), participated in a control and a moderate intensity exercise session in a randomized order. After both experimental sessions, they left the laboratory wearing an ambulatory BP device for 24-h monitoring. ACE2 polymorphisms (Int-1 and Int-3) were assessed by polymerase chain reaction. Over the course of 5-h monitoring, we observed a significant reduction in SBP and DBP following exercise in the AA/AG of the Int-1 polymorphism (p-interaction = 0·02 and 0·001, respectively), whereas this could not be found in the individuals homozygous G (p-interaction = 0·76 and 0·51, respectively). With regard to Int-3 polymorphism, individuals AA/AG showed a significant reduction in SBP following exercise (p-interaction <0·0001) but not for DBP (p-interaction = 0·06) whereas GG individuals showed only a significant reduction in DBP following exercise (p-interaction = 0·02). Our results suggest that ACE2 polymorphism could affect PEH; however, larger trials are needed to confirm our findings.

Preliminary study about the relationship between estimated training status and RAS polymorphisms on blood pressure and ACE activity in the elderly

“…In addition, Goessler et al investigated the role of ACE2 polymorphisms in PEH and observed a significant reduction in SBP and DBP following exercise in individuals AA/AG for the Int-1 polymorphism (p-interaction = 002 and 0001, respectively), whereas this could not be found in homozygous individuals G (p-interaction = 076 and 051, respectively). 38 Individuals AA/AG for the Int-3 polymorphism showed a significant reduction in SBP following exercise (p-interaction = 0.02). These results demonstrated the interference of ACE2 polymorphism in PEH.…”

Postexercise Hypotension Is Delayed in Men With Obesity and Hypertension

“…Our subjects were not taking anti-hypertensive medications, whereas most studies of PEH in hypertensive individuals have included subjects on blood pressure medications ( Melo et al, 2006 ; Brito et al, 2011 ; Cunha et al, 2016 ; Cunha et al, 2017 ; Ferrari et al, 2017 ; Imazu et al, 2017 ; Cunha et al, 2018 ; Goessler et al, 2018 ; de Freitas Brito et al, 2019 ; Costa et al, 2020 ; Pires et al, 2020 ). Thus, our results may not be applicable to those taking anti-hypertensive medications.…”

“…The magnitude of PEH is positively related to the baseline BP prior to exercise (Brito et al, 2018). Indeed, PEH has been repeatedly demonstrated in hypertensive populations (Legramante et al, 2002;Melo et al, 2006;Brito et al, 2011;Dos Santos et al, 2014;Cunha et al, 2016;Cunha et al, 2017;Ferrari et al, 2017;Imazu et al, 2017;Cunha et al, 2018;Goessler et al, 2018;de Freitas Brito et al, 2019;Pires et al, 2020;Iellamo et al, 2021). However, in virtually all of these studies the hypertensive populations included individuals with and without obesity, with mean BMI < 30 kg/m 2 in most instances.…”

Influencia del polimorfismo de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina 2 (rs1978124) en la respuesta hemodinámica posterior a la prueba aeróbica submáxima en jóvenes estudiantes chilenos sedentarios

“…Los resultados en este estudio se asemejan a los encontrados en población adolescentes franco-canadienses 20 , australianos 14 y chinos 21 , lo que podría indicar que el polimorfismo (rs1978124) de la ACE2 no tiene un impacto importante en los cambios de la presión sanguínea en sujetos sedentarios en contraposición con otros polimorfismos del mismo gen 15,22 . Sin embargo, la mayoría de esos estudios analizan las variables hemodinámicas en sujetos con algún tipo de patología cardiovascular 16,21,23 , lo que significa que el sistema ya se encuentra expuesto a una condición de estrés basal. Este último factor, pudiese acentuar el papel que juega la ACE y ACE2 en la modulación de la respuesta hemodinámica frente a un estímulo, evidenciando diferencias en variables como la presión arterial.…”