Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia Presenting as a Giant Axillary Artery Aneurysm

Abstract

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is an unusual vascular tumor most frequently located in the superficial head and neck. Noncutaneous localization of this pathology in large arteries presenting as a pulsatile mass is extremely rare. We describe an adult male with a giant left axillary artery tumor secondary to ALHE. ALHE should be considered in the differential diagnosis of localized peripheral arterial masses, especially in young patients.

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia involving the common digital artery of the hand: A case report and classification of upper limb lesions

“…Our review of the literature revealed 24 well documented cases [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] . We did not include cases with poor documentation [27] .…”

“…The ALHE lesion in our patient involved the common digital artery and there were two other previously reported cases with common digital artery involvement [1] , [23] . Involvement of the radial artery [10] , [20] , ulnar artery [8] , [9] , [14] , brachial artery [2] , [11] , and axillary artery [12] , [13] have also been reported. Total excision of the involved artery is curative; and reconstruction with vein grafts is only mandatory after axillary and brachial artery excisions.…”

“…Involvement of the upper limb is extremely rare with only 24 previously reported cases in the world literature [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] . In the upper limb, various sites for involvement have been reported such as the skin, the subungual region, the blood vessels, nerves, muscles, and bone [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] . As the name implies, the diagnosis is made histologically by the presence of vascular proliferation (angio-hyperplasia), lymphoid follicles (lymphoid hyperplasia) and a prominent eosinophilic infiltrate (eosinophilia).…”

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia and entrapment of the ulnar nerve

“…[ 11 ] The noncutaneous localization of this pathology in the large arteries presenting as a pulsatile mass is extremely rare. [ 3 ]…”

Epithelioid hemangioma of brachial artery: report of a case and review of the literature

“…About 22 cases have been reported, involving in order of decreasing frequency: temporal artery [14–20], radial artery [21–24], brachial artery [11, 12], ulnar artery [25, 26], axillary artery [27, 28], subclavian artery [29], facial artery [30], post-auricular artery [31], popliteal artery [32], common carotid artery [33] and occipital artery [12]. The lesion can grow entirely in the lumen of the blood vessel developing occlusive symptoms (such as weakening of the pulse in peripheral arteries) or it can originate from the vascular wall and developing outside with compression of adjacent structures.…”