2021
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.642296
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Abstract: Anemia is a common complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is associated with a reduced quality of life, and an increased morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms involved in anemia associated to CKD are diverse and complex. They include a decrease in endogenous erythropoietin (EPO) production, absolute and/or functional iron deficiency, and inflammation with increased hepcidin levels, among others. Patients are most commonly managed with oral or intravenous iron supplements and with erythropoiesis st… Show more

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Cited by 103 publications
(67 citation statements)
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References 118 publications
(99 reference statements)
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“…Because the molecular weight is stated at 352.34 g/mol for roxadustat, the concentration (CE 50 ) of 10 µg/mL producing the half-maximum effect corresponds to a molar concentration of 28 µmol/L. From available studies, the corresponding half-maximum inhibitory concentration (CE 50 equivalent IC 50 ) was reported at 100 µmol/L for roxadustat, but is more similar to our result at 29 µmol/L for vadadustat [52]. In mice, the molar concentration producing the CE 50 on EPO (CE 50 equivalent EC 50 ) was estimated to be much less but still comparable with 1.7 µmol/L for the HIF stabilizer PHI-1.…”
Section: Reversible Effect (E 1 ) On Erythropoetin (Epo)supporting
confidence: 87%
“…Because the molecular weight is stated at 352.34 g/mol for roxadustat, the concentration (CE 50 ) of 10 µg/mL producing the half-maximum effect corresponds to a molar concentration of 28 µmol/L. From available studies, the corresponding half-maximum inhibitory concentration (CE 50 equivalent IC 50 ) was reported at 100 µmol/L for roxadustat, but is more similar to our result at 29 µmol/L for vadadustat [52]. In mice, the molar concentration producing the CE 50 on EPO (CE 50 equivalent EC 50 ) was estimated to be much less but still comparable with 1.7 µmol/L for the HIF stabilizer PHI-1.…”
Section: Reversible Effect (E 1 ) On Erythropoetin (Epo)supporting
confidence: 87%
“…Treatment with recombinant human erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) is a widely used therapy for AI and specifically used in patients with CKD or cancer [1,2]. Beside the initially developed recombinant erythropoietins and the extended half-life product darbapoetin, several Epo biosimilars with different half-life and EpoR affinity are now available [272]. Nevertheless, several studies suggest a more restrictive use of ESAs due to side effects including increased mortality in some specific patient groups.…”
Section: Erythropoiesis-stimulating Agentsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Second, it is a known fact that patients with end-stage renal disease have erythropoietin deficiency as well as a state of iron resistance and relative iron deficiency, and hence need blood transfusions occasionally (15). However, there was no discrepancy in the rate of blood transfusion in low-and high-flux dialysis patients (53.1% vs. 52.2%, respectively).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%