Andes Hantavirus Variant in Rodents, Southern Amazon Basin, Peru

Rázuri, Hugo; Tokarz, Rafal; Ghersi, Bruno M.; Salmón-Mulanovich, Gabriela; Guezala, M. Claudia; Albujar, Christian; Mendoza, A. Patricia; Tinoco, Yeny; Cruz, Cristhopher; Silva, Maria João; Vasquez, Alicia; Pacheco, Víctor; Ströher, Ute; Guerrero, Lisa Wiggleton; Cannon, Deborah; Nichol, Stuart T.; Hirschberg, David L.; Lipkin, W. Ian; Bausch, Daniel G.

doi:10.3201/eid2002.131418

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Evidence of rodent-borne disease agents has been identified in rodents in the areas surrounding these communities, including antibodies to Hantavirus in N. spinosus , N. lenguarum , E. nitidus and the presence of the virus in two N. spinosus mice [ 6 ]. While there are several longitudinal studies examining rodent populations and their changing risk for disease transmission [ 21 – 24 ], including our larger study, this manuscript focuses on the human component of this study, specifically the perception of risk regarding rodent-borne diseases among the communities living in the area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The communities were selected by convenience sampling based on community size, proximity to the IOH, accessibility (i.e., within a 3 h drive from Puerto Maldonado), and proximity to communities involved in a prior pilot study that aimed at exploring the impact of habitat perturbation on pathogen prevalence in reservoirs and vectors in the area surrounding the IOH [ 6 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A semi-structured FG guide was used for the FG discussions, focusing on the participants’ quality of life and health, as well as their perceptions of rodents in their communities and knowledge of rodent-borne diseases. Photos of two rodent species ( Oligoryzomys microtis and Neacomys spinosus ) common in the areas and that have been associated with HPS risk [ 5 , 6 ] were shown to all FG participants; they were asked if they recognized or could identify the rodent species, and if so, where these were commonly found. FG data was summarized manually based on themes that emerged in the discussions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are very few reported cases of rodent-borne diseases in Madre de Dios, a state [known as department in Peru] in the southern Amazon basin in Peru, where this study takes place. However, six out of 362 (1.2 %) rodents in this area were found to have evidence of Hantavirus antibodies (IgG) in their blood between October 2009 and October 2010 [ 6 ]. Surveillance information for both leptospirosis and HPS in this region is limited but research studies have found both Leptospira and Hantavirus antibodies in rodents in Madre de Dios and more specifically for the latter along the Inter-Oceanic Highway (IOH) [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community perceptions of health and rodent-borne diseases along the Inter-Oceanic Highway in Madre de Dios, Peru

et al. 2016

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BackgroundMadre de Dios is located in the southeastern Amazonian region of Peru. Rodents have been estimated to be the reservoirs for up to 50 % of emerging zoonotic pathogens, including a host of viruses, bacteria, and parasites. As part of a larger study involving both human and animal research, this study serves to obtain a broader understanding of the key challenges and concerns related to health and rodent-borne illnesses from the perspective of the people living in these communities.MethodsWe used a mixed methods approach, which comprised of 12 focus group discussions, 34 key informant interviews and the application of a survey (n = 522) in four communities along the Inter-Oceanic Highway (IOH) in Madre de Dios, Peru over a two-year period.ResultsAlthough 90 % of survey respondents answered that rodents can transmit diseases and had seen rodents in their homes and immediate surroundings, most could not name specific rodent-borne diseases and, when probed, described rodents as pests or nuisance animals, but were not concerned about acquiring illnesses from them. Key informant interview data suggests that there has been a perceived increase in the amount of rodents in the communities since the construction of the IOH, however this potential increase was not coupled with increased knowledge about diseases or perceived risks among these key informants. Health providers also mentioned a lack of diagnostic tools specific for rodent-borne illnesses. This may be related to the fact that although a common rodent-borne disease like leptospirosis is frequently detected in the region, it is not routinely and readily diagnosed, therefore the real burden of the disease and exposure risk can be underestimated. If rodent-borne diseases are not on the radar of health professionals, they may not consider presumptive treatment, which could result in unnecessary morbidity and mortality.ConclusionAwareness of rodent-borne diseases is still lacking in the area, even among health care professionals within the communities, despite the known burden of diseases like leptospirosis. We expect to report further findings as we obtain more information from all the study components.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community perceptions of health and rodent-borne diseases along the Inter-Oceanic Highway in Madre de Dios, Peru

et al. 2016

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“…Hantavirus infection was first recognized in Chile in 1995 with Andes virus (ANDV) South as the primary lineage identified to date [ 7 , 8 ]. The ANDV clade is comprised of at least 12 variants found in six countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay) and harbored by Akodon, Necromys and Oligoryzomys rodents [ 9 ]. Human-to-human transmission has been reported only in Argentina and Chile [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Evidence of Hantavirus Infection in Apparently Healthy People from Rural and Slum Communities in Southern Chile

Muñoz-Zanzi

Saavedra

Otth

et al. 2015

Viruses

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Hantavirus disease in America has been recognizable because of its rapid progression in clinical cases, occurrence in previously healthy young adults, and high case fatality rate. Hantavirus disease has been proposed now to define the diversity of clinical manifestations. Since 1995, a total of 902 cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome have been reported in Chile, caused by Andes virus (ANDV), with overall fatality of 32%. This report describes the sero-epidemiology of hantavirus in apparently healthy people in rural and urban slum communities from southern Chile. Ten of 934 samples yielded a positive result resulting in a seroprevalence of 1.07% (95% confidence intervals: 0.05%–2.0%). A higher proportion of positive samples was found among individuals from rural villages (1.3%) and slums (1.5%) compared with farms (0.5%). Seropositivity was associated with age (p = 0.011), low education level (p = 0.006) and occupations linked to the household (homemaker, retired, or student) (p = 0.016). No evidence of infection was found in 38 sigmodontinae rodents trapped in the peri-domestic environment. Our findings highlight that exposure risk was associated with less documented risk factors, such as women in slum and rural villages, and the occurrence of infection that may have presented as flu-like illness that did not require medical attention or was misdiagnosed.

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Global Diversity and Distribution of Hantaviruses and Their Hosts

et al. 2018

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Rodents represent 42% of the world's mammalian biodiversity encompassing 2,277 species populating every continent (except Antarctica) and are reservoir hosts for a wide diversity of disease agents. Thus, knowing the identity, diversity, host-pathogen relationships, and geographic distribution of rodent-borne zoonotic pathogens, is essential for predicting and mitigating zoonotic disease outbreaks. Hantaviruses are hosted by numerous rodent reservoirs. However, the diversity of rodents harboring hantaviruses is likely unknown because research is biased toward specific reservoir hosts and viruses. An up-to-date, systematic review covering all known rodent hosts is lacking. Herein, we document gaps in our knowledge of the diversity and distribution of rodent species that host hantaviruses. Of the currently recognized 681 cricetid, 730 murid, 61 nesomyid, and 278 sciurid species, we determined that 11.3, 2.1, 1.6, and 1.1%, respectively, have known associations with hantaviruses. The diversity of hantaviruses hosted by rodents and their distribution among host species supports a reassessment of the paradigm that each virus is associated with a single-host species. We examine these host-virus associations on a global taxonomic and geographical scale with emphasis on the rodent host diversity and distribution. Previous reviews have been centered on the viruses and not the mammalian hosts. Thus, we provide a perspective not previously addressed.

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Andes Hantavirus Variant in Rodents, Southern Amazon Basin, Peru

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Community perceptions of health and rodent-borne diseases along the Inter-Oceanic Highway in Madre de Dios, Peru

Community perceptions of health and rodent-borne diseases along the Inter-Oceanic Highway in Madre de Dios, Peru

Serological Evidence of Hantavirus Infection in Apparently Healthy People from Rural and Slum Communities in Southern Chile

Global Diversity and Distribution of Hantaviruses and Their Hosts

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