Andes Hantavirus as possible cause of disease in travellers to South America

Castillo, Claudia; Nicklas, Claudia; Mardones, Jovita; Ossa, Gonzalo

doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2006.02.002

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The tourist and a fellow traveler stayed in a hotel in Santa Cruz where they saw black rats running through the bathroom they used. While in Higueras, they stayed in a rustic adobe house with no floor and joined local villagers in agricultural jobs, primarily harvesting hay (Castillo et al, 2007;Espinoza et al, 1998). Nevertheless, as mentioned previously, the number of studies on orthohantaviruses is still limited and more investigations are needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthohantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Santa Cruz and Tarija, Bolivia, 2018

Escalera-Antezana

Torrez-Fernandez²,

Montalvan-Plata³

et al. 2020

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Introduction: Orthohantaviruses are still a significant public health threat in endemic countries, with high case fatality rates (CFR). In Bolivia, the reporting of small outbreaks occurred until 2012. The findings of 40 laboratory-confirmed cases diagnosed in two departments are reported herein. Methods: This was an observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study. Data on laboratoryconfirmed cases in 2018 were collected from the hospitals and departmental health services (SEDES) of Santa Cruz and Tarija. An ELISA was used for the detection of IgM antibody to hantavirus in the patient blood samples. Results: Forty patients were IgM-positive. The median age of the patients was 24 years (interquartile range 19-41 years) and 72.5% were male. All patients were hospitalized; 57.5% were admitted to the intensive care unit and had cardiopulmonary compromise, with 83% of these presenting acute respiratory distress syndrome and 89.5% of these requiring mechanical ventilation. Six patients died (CFR 15%). Patients <15 or >60 years old were more prone to die (odds ratio 10.33, 95% confidence interval 1.411-75.694), as were those with comorbidities (odds ratio 16.5, 95% confidence interval 1.207-225.540). Conclusions: Orthohantavirus infections were associated with a high CFR. These cases occurred in areas with eco-epidemiological conditions facilitating viral transmission, including the presence of rodents, as well as the risk of spillover to humans due to social, environmental, and occupational factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthohantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Santa Cruz and Tarija, Bolivia, 2018

Escalera-Antezana

Torrez-Fernandez²,

Montalvan-Plata³

et al. 2020

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…As the prognosis for HPS is ominous, better chances for survival depend on early suspicion for the diagnosis and appropriate intensive care resources [2,6,9]. Additional concerns are misdiagnosis involving atypical cases, and the possibility of inter-human transmission [2,3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to note that people from non-endemic areas may be infected during international travel, and hantavirus should be considered imported infectious agents in developed countries [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Brasilia periphery: a diagnostic challenge

Santos

Sá

Turra

et al. 2009

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Background: Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is an emerging rodent-borne disease in the American continent, characterized by acute respiratory distress and a high case-fatality ratio. The present work describes a case of HPS, with favorable outcome, whose initial features were mistaken for leptospirosis or other less severe acute infections. Methodology: The case of a 32-year-old male with an uneventful course of HPS is reported. He was inadvertently infected at work by exposure to a rodent-contaminated environment in Brasília, Federal District vicinity, during May 2008. Results and Conclusions: Fever, headache and myalgia after exposure to a rodent-contaminated environment raised clinical suspicion. Noncardiac pulmonary edema, hydrothorax, neutrophilia with band forms 26%, high hematocrit, thrombocytopenia, and elevated liver enzymes were observed. Leptospirosis and dengue were the main differential diagnoses because both pathogens are endemic in the area. Hantavirus IgM antibody-capture ELISA was positive, while tests for dengue, leptospirosis and yellow fever were negative. The prognosis for HPS is ominous and misdiagnoses may increase mortality. Better chances of survival depend on prompt intensive care support. Reports of moderate or less typical cases can raise the suspicion index among primary care and hospital-based physicians about this uncommon but severe condition that often affects previously healthy young individuals from developing countries, and subjects who interact with rodent-infested environments in North America. High awareness of HPS allowed successful management of the patient, even before establishing the diagnosis, by serological tests at the reference laboratory of the Ministry of Health. Clinical suspicion favored warning local health authorities about a new case of HPS.

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“…Transmission from its host, the long-tailed pygmy rice rat ( Oligoryzomys longicaudatus ), occurs through inhalation of dried excreta or direct contact [ 13 ]. To date, ANDV is the only hantavirus known to be transmitted from person to person, a characteristic first described in 1995 [ 14 ].…”

Section: Case Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%