Anatomy of the rabbit inner ear using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

Abstract

Anatomically, the inner ear is a highly complex organ of intricate design, composed of a bony labyrinth that encases the same-shaped membranous labyrinth. It is difficult to study the three-dimensional anatomy of the inner ear because the relevant structures are very small and embedded within the petrous temporal bone, one of the densest bones in the body. The current study aimed to provide a detailed anatomic reference for the normal anatomy of the rabbit's inner ear. As a study model, ten healthy adults New Zealand White rabbit heads were used. Six heads were used for macroscopic evaluation of the bony and membranous labyrinths. The remaining four heads were evaluated radiographically, where 3D images were generated of the bony and membranous labyrinths using data sets from computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), respectively. The anatomical structures were identified and labelled according to NominaAnatomicaVeterinaria (NAV). Our study revealed that CT and MRI are the optimal cross-sectional imaging modalities for investigating such tiny and often inaccessible inner ear structures. As high-quality scanners are not readily available to veterinarians, the CT and MRI images generated by this research were of lower quality; therefore, high-quality dissections were used to identify/support structures seen in these images. In conclusion, this study provides one of the first investigations that uses multislice CT scans and MRI to study the rabbit's inner ear and its correlation with the corresponding anatomical images. Both anatomical, CT and MRI images will serve as a reference for interpreting pathologies relative to the rabbit's inner ear.

Locomotor behavior and hearing sensitivity in an early lagomorph reconstructed from the bony labyrinth

“…Concerning the comprehensive anatomy of the bony labyrinth in extant lagomorphs, only the inner ear structures of Oryctolagus cuniculus have been studied in detail (Abd El‐Hameed et al (2023) for CT and MRI imaging; Wysocki et al (2007) for the topographical anatomy of the temporal). Recently, the first bony labyrinth for a fossil lagomorph ( Palaeolagus haydeni , an early Oligocene species) has been described (Ruf et al, 2021).…”

Corrosion Inhibition of Steel in Marine Environment Using Amino Amide Derived From Pet Plastic Waste

“…The adsorption of the surfactant on the metal surface can markedly change the corrosion resisting property of the metal [16], and so the study of the relationship between the adsorption and corrosion inhibition is of great importance. In the previous works [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] depolymerization by aminolysis of PET, with monoethanolamine, and ethylene di amine the products nonionic surfactants act as good corrosion inhibitors for steel in HCl. This work is one from the series aimed to alleviate the environmental pollution by accumulation of plastic waste by converting waste into modified products, and to evaluate the modified products as corrosion inhibitors for metals and alloys in different aqueous media [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

“…In the previous works [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] depolymerization by aminolysis of PET, with monoethanolamine, and ethylene di amine the products nonionic surfactants act as good corrosion inhibitors for steel in HCl. This work is one from the series aimed to alleviate the environmental pollution by accumulation of plastic waste by converting waste into modified products, and to evaluate the modified products as corrosion inhibitors for metals and alloys in different aqueous media [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. In the present work 1,3 -di amino propane was used to convert PET waste into (N, N'-Bis-(3-amino-propyl)-terephthalamide) BAPTA, via solvent free green recycling, the product was evaluated as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 2.0 M sodium chloride solution as artificial sea water by electrochemical, and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) techniques.…”