Anatomy and clinical significance of the maxillary nerve: a literature review

Tomaszewska, Iwona M.; Zwinczewska, Helena; Gładysz, Tomasz; Walocha, Jerzy

doi:10.5603/fm.2015.0025

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…The maxillary nerve is a purely sensory nerve supplying the upper dentition and gingiva, hard and soft palate mucosa, nose, upper lip, maxillary sinus, as well as many adjoining structures [37]. It innervates only the structures of the maxillary process in fetal life and further extends to include also the frontonasal process during embryological development [37]. The anatomical variations may cause anesthesia failure or surgical complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New accessory palatine canals and foramina in cone-beam computed tomography

2021

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Background: Palatal surgeries are associated with many complications. Accessory foramina may be a cause of concern. The aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence and to evaluate the anatomical features of accessory palatine foramina and their bony canals using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: The incidence, location, and types of foramina on the palate were evaluated in 170 CBCT scans. Readings from coronal, sagittal, and axial planes were recorded using Planmeca Romexis Viewer 5.4.1.R. computer program. Data were tabulated and evaluated. Results: Other than nasopalatine, greater and lesser palatine foramina, 278 foramina were observed in the palatal surface of the upper jaw in different locations. New accessory palatine foramina were found posteriorly in 14.71% of the studied scans with wide anatomical variations. Unusual foraminal canals were seen crossing the floor of the maxillary sinus laterally. The incidence of the anterior accessory palatine foramina was 73.53%. Bilateral accessory palatine foramina were found in 43.53% of cases. Conclusions: Accessory palatine foramina and their bony canals are frequently seen in CBCT with wide anatomical variations. New unusual connecting canals are found passing from palatine foramina to the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus through the sinus floor. These findings should be considered when planning for anesthesia and surgery in the palate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New accessory palatine canals and foramina in cone-beam computed tomography

2021

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“…Infraorbital groove (IOG), located on the inferior wall of the orbit and at the orbital surface of the body of maxilla, begin from the inferior orbital fissure posteriorly and continues as infraorbital canal (IOC) anteriorly and IOC opens to the middle of the face through the infraorbital foramen (IOF). Infraorbital nerve (ION) and vessels pass through IOG, IOC and spread from IOF [70,74]. ION is responsible for the sensory innervation of upper cheek skin, maxillary sinus mucosa, maxillary incisor, canine and premolar teeth, occasionally mesiobuccal root of first molar tooth and adjacent buccolabial gingiva and periostium, the skin and conjunctiva of the inferior eyelid, part of the nose, and the skin and mucosa of the upper lip [52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anaesthesia of the ION may be performed on interventions such as surgical procedure of the facial region involving nose soft tissues, cheek, lower eyelid and maxillary premolar, canine and incisive teeth, orbital floor fracture treatment, nasal bone fracture reduction, scar revisions, cosmetic cutaneous procedures and polypectomy [51,55,74]. ION blockage may be performed for trigeminal neuralgia and postoperative pain [2,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric evaluation and surgical implications of the infraorbital groove, canal and foramen on cone-beam computed tomography and a review of literature

et al. 2019

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We suggest that the parameters found in the present study may facilitate prediction of the location of the infraorbital nerve. Knowledge of this exact position in relation to easily measurable parameters may decrease the risk of infraorbital nerve injury during surgical approaches directed to this region and might serve as a guide during local anesthetic interventions for dentistry, ophthalmology, plastic surgery, rhinology, neurosurgery and dermatology.

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“…1). Some researchers have suggested that the fracture of the mandibular ramus is considerably more frequent in individuals with impacted third molars, since they weaken the bone at the site, contributing to a thinning and weakening of the cancellous bone structure [14,30,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%