Anatomical Variations of the Median Nerve: A Cadaveric Study

Abstract

Objectives: Variations in the morphological anatomy of the median nerve such as formation, distribution, and communication have been well documented. All these variations should be taken into account when practicing any surgical approach for the treatment of injuries affecting the median nerve. Furthermore, they are of the utmost importance for interpretation of the clinical presentation. Methods: The objective of this investigation was to determine the anatomical variations in the formation of the median nerve in cadavers at the Forensic Pathology department in Central Clinical Hospital of the Academy of Sciences of the Russian Federation between January 2022 and April 2022. A descriptive, cross-sectional, and prospective information source study was conducted on 42 anatomical bodies (corpses) and 84 brachial plexuses. Results: After analyzing the results obtained in this investigation, we concluded that the median nerve presented variation in its formation in 22.6% of the investigated cases. These variations were more common in males (81.8%) than females (18.2%). The anatomical variation was unilateral in 7.1% and bilateral in 19% of all anatomical bodies examined. Conclusions: The median nerve presented a great number of variations in its formation in roughly 23% of the anatomical bodies, with male being the predominant gender. Furthermore, the most frequent region of formation was the axillary region (92.9%). For clinicians, it is important to remember these variations during surgical procedures in this area and during brachial plexus block.

On the balance beam: facing the challenges of neurosurgical education in the third millennium

“…[ 25 ] In addition, incorporating interprofessional education into the training curriculum can enhance trainees’ understanding of team dynamics and improve patient care. [ 9 , 18 , 26 ]…”

Prolotherapy Perineural Injection in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome With Bifid Median Nerve: A Case Report

“…[14][15][16][17][18] Variations of MN branches have been reported as one of the prevalences of MN entraptment. 2,19,20 Lanz has made a clasification of variations of the MN into four groups: First, the thenar branch variation; second, the accessory branches originates at the distal CT; third, the high division of the MN; and fourth, the accessory branches originated at the proximal CT. 7 The prolotherapy treatment was done twice using D5% (1cc) and lidokain 1% (1cc), at a two-week interval. Guiding ultrasound was done with the short axis view technique to get a visualization of the CT.…”

Enhancing microsurgical skills in neurosurgery residents of low-income countries: A comprehensive guide

“…The resident’s job consists of brain extraction during the autopsy, fixation process, vessel repletion, macro, and microscopic study, meticulously caring for the specimen in each phase, and the cutting and final inclusions of lamellae are done by the pathological anatomy service. [ 10 , 38 ] In this document, each of the processes of the brain specimen is detailed and recorded in a specific and meticulous way; however, it is not part of the present work and leaves the objectives of this, so only mention of it is made. Even if it does not take long for residents to understand the altruism of body donors and the educational contributions they have made to their education and career preparation, it is important to instill in residents a deep respect for the incredible gift of learning that donors have given to science.…”