Anatomical and histological features of Ilex paraguariensis leaves under different in vitro shoot culture systems

Luna, Claudia Verónica; González, Ana María; Mroginski, L. A.; Sansberro, Pedro Alfonso

doi:10.1007/s11240-017-1191-x

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The multiplication of both clones was more efficient in bioreactors than in jars with semisolid medium. Similar results have been reported for other woody plants such as calabash tree [39], eucalyptus [40], apple [41], teak [42,43], pistachio [44], chestnut [45], hazelnut [46], yerba mate [47], willow [48], olive [49], alder [50] and pear [51].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Increasing exposure of the plant material to more immersions of up to six per day increased plant growth, whereas using more frequent immersion produced hyperhydric shoots (data not shown). Immersion every 3-6 h has been successfully used for other tree species such as calabash tree [39], Fraxinus mandshurica [65], teak, chestnut [45], yerba mate [47], willow [48,62] and apple [66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micropropagation of Plum (Prunus domestica L.) in Bioreactors Using Photomixotrophic and Photoautotrophic Conditions

et al. 2022

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In this study, we propagated two old Galician plum varieties in liquid medium using a temporary immersion system with RITA© bioreactors. Environmental variables including culture system, light intensity, CO2 enrichment, immersion frequency and sucrose supplementation were evaluated in relation to in vitro proliferation, physiological status and ex vitro performance. Bioreactors were superior to jars for culturing shoots in photomixotrophic conditions, producing up to 2 times more shoot numbers and up to 1.7 times more shoot length (depending on the genotype) using shoot clusters. The number and quality of shoots were positively influenced by the sucrose concentration in the medium, plus by the light and gaseous environment. For individual apical sections the best response occurred with 3% sucrose, 150 µmol m−2 s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density and 2000 ppm CO2, averaging 2.5 shoots per explant, 26 mm shoot length and 240 mm2 leaf area, while with 50 µmol m−2 s−1 light and ambient CO2 (400 ppm) values decreased to 1.2 shoots per explant, 14 mm of shoot length and 160 mm2 of leaf area. Shoots cultured photoautotrophically (without sucrose) were successfully rooted and acclimated despite of showing limited growth, low photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrate, phenolic and antioxidant contents during the multiplication phase.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micropropagation of Plum (Prunus domestica L.) in Bioreactors Using Photomixotrophic and Photoautotrophic Conditions

et al. 2022

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“…Besides eucalyptus, other tree species showed better rooting in bioreactors than in SS, as reported for calabash tree , yerba mate , poplar , black lapacho , and myrobolan . In the two later cases, the use of liquid medium significantly reduced the apical necrosis detected when shoots grew in agar‐based medium, thereby increasing the number of shoots that could be rooted.…”

Section: Application Of Bioreactors To the Micropropagation Of Treesmentioning

confidence: 57%

Use of bioreactor systems in the propagation of forest trees

Vidal

Sánchez

2019

Engineering in Life Sciences

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Plant biotechnology can be used to conserve the germplasm of natural forests, and to increase the productivity and sustainability of plantations. Both goals imply working with mature trees, which are often recalcitrant to micropropagation. Conventional in vitro culture uses closed containers and gelled medium with sugar supplementation. Bioreactor culture uses liquid medium and usually incorporates aeration. The increased absorption of nutrients via the liquid medium together with the renewal of the air inside the bioreactors may improve the physiological state of the explants. In this review, we will explore the feasibility of using bioreactors to overcome the recalcitrance of many trees to micropropagation and/or to decrease the cost of large‐scale propagation. We will focus on the recent use of bioreactors during the multiplication, rooting (plant conversion in the case of somatic embryos), and acclimation stages of the micropropagation of axillary shoots and somatic embryos of forest trees (including some shrubs of commercial interest), in both temporary and continuous immersion systems. We will discuss the advantages and the main obstacles limiting the widespread implementation of bioreactor systems in woody plant culture, considering published scientific reports and contributions from the business sector.

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“…These morphological traits, associated with the location of the stomata -hypoestomatic, can restrict transpiration and promote water retention in leaf tissues (El-Hawary et al 2013). Although it was expected that leaves from in vitro conditions had a higher stomatal density (Asayesh et al 2017;Luna et al 2017), qualitatively it was not observed in Neem plants. However, stomata that developed in leaves of plants grown in vitro usually remained open and located at the same level or above the other epidermal cells due to the high value of Table 1 -Micromorphometric measurements of leaf structural parameters for A. indica grown under in vivo and in vitro conditions, as well as acclimatized plants, with mean values of the height of the epidermal cells of the adaxial surface (ADS); height of the epidermal cells of the abaxial surface (ABS); thickness of the mesophyll (palisade and spongy parenchyma) (ME); and leaf area in cross-section (LA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The leaf mesophyll of A. indica grown in vivo showed more elongated and juxtaposed cells of the palisade layer than in vitro leaves. A lower leaf thickness is a response usually observed for plants grown inside poorly ventilated in vitro conditions (Dousseau et al 2008;Luna et al 2017), which is due to the quantity and quality of light used in these conditions (Wang et al 2015). The same trend was observed in A. indica after 50 days of acclimatization, since the increase in the mesophyll thickness is probably related to external factors such the modification of radiation and composition of atmospheric gases.…”

Section: Structuralmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf anatomy micromorphometry plasticity and histochemistry of Azadirachta indica during acclimatization

et al. 2020

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Environmental conditions of grow can modify leaf structure and metabolite production. Neem plants produce a high amount of medicinal metabolites and contain biopesticide terpenoids with low toxicity. However, the high genetic variation and the low material quality, besides the environmental modifications warn to the need of biotechnological techniques to ensure the production of high quality metabolites. The aim was to investigate leaf structural and histochemical characteristics of Azadirachta indica grown in vitro, in vivo and acclimatized condition. It was found anatomical differences among the environments, with higher leaf thickness associated to in vivo conditions, as well as were more evenly distributed stomata. Those modifications did not qualitatively affect the production of medicinal metabolites and biopesticides. Terpenes and tannins were observed in specialized cells called idioblasts, located in the mesophyll and in the midrib region, respectively. Thus, in a qualitative approach, we can affirm that the different environments do not modify metabolites production. Increased production of these bioactive compounds could be achieved by isolation and in vitro culture of idioblasts as a new source of research in plant biotechnology.

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Anatomical and histological features of Ilex paraguariensis leaves under different in vitro shoot culture systems

Cited by 24 publications

References 30 publications

Micropropagation of Plum (Prunus domestica L.) in Bioreactors Using Photomixotrophic and Photoautotrophic Conditions

Micropropagation of Plum (Prunus domestica L.) in Bioreactors Using Photomixotrophic and Photoautotrophic Conditions

Use of bioreactor systems in the propagation of forest trees

Leaf anatomy micromorphometry plasticity and histochemistry of Azadirachta indica during acclimatization

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