Anatomia e morfometria de raízes e folhas de Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu em diferentes estádios de acometimento da síndrome da morte das pastagens

Annona emarginata (Annonaceae) has two morphological variations (A. emarginata ‘mirim’ and A. emarginata ‘terra‐fria’). The species has agricultural value and produces specialized metabolites of pharmacological interest. The objective of this work was to analyze whether chemical and morphological differences contribute to differentiate A. emarginata ‘terra‐fria’ from A. emarginata ‘mirim’, as chemophenetic variations of A. emarginata. The analysis of chemical compounds was based on the quantification, profile of root alkaloids and on the leaves volatile profile, together with morphometric analyses of the leaf blade. The samples were collected in three phenological stages (flowering, fruiting, and vegetative) at two places in São Paulo, Brazil. Differences in the composition of the alkaloid profile and leaf volatiles (in both places and in the three phenological stages) allowed us to separate the two morphotypes by multivariate statistical analysis. These differences agreed with the leaf blade morphology and flower color. This first chemophenetic report of A. emarginata demonstrates that, in addition to morphological variations, the specialized metabolism of roots and leaves can be phytochemical characters, which suggest the existence of at least morphochemotypes of A. emarginata.

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Chemophenetics as a Tool for Distinguishing Morphotypes of Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer

Mimi

De-la-Cruz-Chacón

Sousa

et al. 2021

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Influence of Time of Glyphosate Application in the Control of Brachiaria

Moraes¹,

Souza²,

Faria³

et al. 2020

Reveng

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The no-tillage system is considered an important tool for sustainable production. In this system, the burndown of brachiaria is usually performed with the application of systemic herbicides, such as glyphosate. As a result of environmental conditions (temperature, relative humidity and winds), the timing of spraying can directly interfere in the control efficiency. Therefore, the objective was to study different times of application of glyphosate in the control efficiency of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu. The glyphosate was applied in the morning, afternoon and evening, at doses of 0; 360; 720; 1080; 1440 and 2160 g a.e. ha-1. To analyse the efficiency of U. brizantha burndown, the phytotoxicity was evaluated at 21 days after application. At 42 after application a mowing was done and 90 days after mowing, the dry matter accumulation and the Leaf Area Index of regrowth were determined. The best control results of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu were obtained in the applications of glyphosate during the morning and afternoon. Evening applications of glyphosate should be avoided.

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Spray volume, dose and time of day of glyphosate application in the control of Urochloa brizantha

Moraes

Ferreira

Souza

et al. 2021

Bioagro

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In order to optimize machinery use, the application of herbicides has been performed at different times of the day and night. Therefore, knowledge about the pesticide that will be used and how the spray volume and time of application affect the effectiveness of the product is very important. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the influence of spray volume and different time of application on the control of Urochloa brizantha by different doses of glyphosate. The treatments were arranged in a 5 x 3 x 2 factorial scheme in a randomized block design with four replications. Five doses of glyphosate (0; 1080; 1440; 1800 and 2160 g∙ha-1∙a.e.), three times of application (morning, afternoon and evening) and two spray volumes (50 and 100 L·ha-1) were evaluated. A control assessment was performed at 21 days after application, in addition to the accumulation of dry matter and the leaf area index on the regrowth. A satisfactory control of the grass was obtained for applications performed in the morning and afternoon, without interference of the volume applied and the doses tested. Evening application reduces the effectiveness of glyphosate in Urochloa brizantha burndown.

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Anatomia e morfometria de raízes e folhas de Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu em diferentes estádios de acometimento da síndrome da morte das pastagens

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Chemophenetics as a Tool for Distinguishing Morphotypes of Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer

Chemophenetics as a Tool for Distinguishing Morphotypes of Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer

Influence of Time of Glyphosate Application in the Control of Brachiaria

Spray volume, dose and time of day of glyphosate application in the control of Urochloa brizantha

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