Anatomia comparativa da dura-máter de Sapajus libidinosus

Abstract

RESUMO.-O Sapajus libidinosus é um primata do novo mundo popularmente conhecido como macaco-prego, geograficamente distribuído por todo território sul-americano, possui características de inquietude e habilidade de manipulação de ferramentas para a obtenção de alimentos. Este estudo teve por objetivo descrever a morfologia dos seios da dura-máter de Sapajus libidinosus numa perspectiva comparativa. Foram utilizados um total de 3 animais adultos e machos oriundos da Universidade Federal de Goiás e fixados em solução aquosa de formaldeído 10%. No encéfalo de S. libidinosus, foi possível observar a fissura longitudinal, profunda e que divide o mesmo em dois hemisfé-rios, esquerdo e direito. O lobo parietal e frontal apresenta--se relativamente lisoencefálico, mas com giros e sulcos bem definidos e no lobo occipital nota-se a predominância do aspecto lisencefálico. Nota-se a presença de 8 seios da dura-máter, que corresponde de modo geral às descrições para outros primatas como Pan, Papio e homem. Notamos a presença dos seios sagital dorsal, seio sagital ventral, seio transverso, seio reto, seio sigmóide, seio temporal e seio basilar, que são semelhantes a Pan, Papio e homem, a presença do seio parietal semelhante à Saimiri sciureus e a ausência do seio occipital, assim como em Macaca mullata. No macaco prego não foram observados os seios intracavernosos, seio esfenoparietal, seio petroso superior, seio petroso inferior, sendo estes descritos em Pan, Papio e Homem. Sendo assim, estes dados demonstram uma possível maior proximidade evolutiva entre Papio e Pan em relação ao homem do que o macaco Sapajus. America, has characteristics of restlessness and ability to manipulate tools to obtain food. This study aimed to describe the morphology of the dural sinuses of S. libidinosus through a comparative perspective. We used 3 adult male from the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil, fixed in aqueous 10% formaldehyde. The longitudinal fissure in the brain extends deeply and divides the organ into two left right hemispheres, The frontal and parietal lobe presents relatively smooth surface, but with well-defined gyri and sulci. In the occipital lobe, however, smooth surface aspect prevails. We observed eight sinuses of the dura mater, sagittal dorsal, ventral sagittal, transverse, straight, sigmoid, basilar and temporal which corresponds generally to the descriptions of other primates as Pan, Papio and man. Furthermore, parietal sinus similar to Saimiri sciureus and absence of sinus occipital, as in Macaca mullata, were also recorded. In the capuchin monkey, intracavernous, sphenoparietal, superior petrosal and inferior petrosal sinuses, which are described in Pan, Papio and Man, were absent. Taken together, these data point to a possible grater evolutionary proximity to man of Papio and Pan as compared to Cebus.INDEX TERMS: Sapajus libidinosus, dura-mater, sinus venosus.

Anatomy of the dura mater venous sinus of Alouatta belzebul

“…In Alouatta belzebul , the sigmoid sinus was identified as being bilateral in an S shape originating in the transverse sinus, and these go inferiorly to the corresponding jugular foramina forming a dilation called the jugular bulb, corresponding to the origin of the respective right internal jugular veins and left (Figure 1b‐d). In Sapajus libidinosus (Pereira et al., 2013), the data corroborate the findings in Alouatta belzebul . In Macaca mulatta (Eyster, 1944; Kassel & Langefitt, 1965) and Homo sapiens (Martin, 2013), the sigmoid sinuses follow S‐shaped paths in the posterior fossa of the skull, forming deep grooves in the temporal and occipital.…”

“…In Alouatta belzebul, the ventral sagittal sinus is unique, runs along the scythe of the brain close to the corpus callosum, originates in the dorsal sagittal sinus, joins with the great cerebral vein and ends in the straight sinus (Figure 1e), corroborating with the findings in Macaca mulatta (Eyster, 1944;Weinstein & Hedges, 1962), Papio cynocephalus (Kehrli et al, 1997;Swindler & Wood, 1973) and Sapajus libidinosus (Pereira et al, 2013). In Homo sapiens, the ventral sagittal sinus is called the inferior sagittal sinus, being much smaller than the superior sagittal sinus; its path follows the lower concave free margin of the falx cerebri and ends in the straight sinus (Meneses, 2016).…”

“…This sinus ends at the confluence of the sinuses (Figure 1d,e). In Macaca mulatta (Eyster, 1944; Kassel & Langefitt, 1965), Papio ursinus (Lake et al., 1990), Papio cynocephalus (Kehrli et al., 1997; Swindler & Wood, 1973), Sapajus libidinosus (Pereira et al., 2013) and Saimiri sciureus (Barcellos et al., 2011), the straight sinus is similar to that of the Alouatta belzebul , being unique, situated along the line of union between the falx cerebri and the tentorium of the cerebellum, with its origin in the ventral sagittal sinus and the great cerebral vein and ending its course at the confluence of the sinuses. In Homo sapiens , the union of the inferior sagittal sinus with the great cerebral vein forms the straight sinus.…”

“…These data were also observed in Alouatta belzebul . In Sapajus libidinosus (Pereira et al., 2013) and Macaca mulatta (Eyster, 1944; Kassel & Langefitt, 1965), the basilar sinus is bilateral, superiorly to the sigmoid sinus and next to the brainstem bridge, passing through the region the pituitary gland and ending its course in the epidural venous plexus. In Saimiri sciureus , the basilar sinus is bilateral, lying along the pituitary in the region of the basal layer of the dura mater (Barcellos et al., 2011).…”

Comparative anatomy of the gluteal muscles of Sapajus libidinosus 1

“…Furthermore, capuchins were related to baboons and chimpanzees in studies on the nerves, vessels and muscles of pelvic limb, pelvis and dura-mater (Aversi-Ferreira et al 2011, 2013, 2014a,b,c, Abreu et al 2012, Pereira et al 2013, Soares et al 2014, Vieira et al 2015. However, it is imperative to obtain further information on the pelvis anatomy of S. libidinosus, in order to confirm the evolutionary closeness to other primates.…”