Analytical Observational Study of Frozen Shoulder among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Purpose This study aims to identify the prevalence of frozen shoulder (FS) among diabetic patients and its relation to demographic features. Methods This observational study of 216 patients randomly included those with diabetes mellitus (DM) attending the Misan Rheumatology and Medical Rehabilitation Department at Al-Sadder Teaching Hospital in Misan Province of Iraq and was conducted during the period from April 2014 to March 2015. Detailed medical histories were taken from patients and scratch test and hemoglobin A 1C were used in diagnostic procedure to confirm diagnosis of FS and DM, respectively. Results The occurrence rate of FS was 11.5% among patients, with a higher prevalence in females versus males. The most commonly afflicted age group was 60 to 70 years old at 33.3%. Dominant shoulder was more commonly affected than nondominant one. DM presented in large number of patients with FS with a prevalence of 90.3% of cases. The onset of FS in patients with DM was most common within the chronic phase of the disease at 32.3 and 33.8% for durations of 1 to 5 and 5 to 10 years, respectively. Conclusion There is a strong association between DM and FS. Females were more commonly affected than males. Aging increased shoulder disorder distribution with dominant side being mostly affected. Chronic and noncontrolling diabetic patients were more commonly affected. Level of Evidence This is a Level III, analytical, observational study.

Idiopathic Frozen Shoulder in Individuals with Diabetes: Association with Metabolic Control, Obesity, Antidiabetic Treatment and Demographic Characteristics in Adults with Type 1 or 2 Diabetes from the DPV Registry

“…The missing association between lipid values and FS in T1D together with the results on HbA1c and microvascular diseases might indicate that BMI is strongly associated with FS in the general population than in T1D patients, in which other mechanisms such as the accumulation of AGEs might be more important. This is in line with another report of a normal distribution of BMI among diabetes patients with FS 31 . In T2D, higher LDL and total cholesterol levels in patients with FS along with the lack of association with HbA1c might suggest mechanisms that are more comparable to those in the general population.…”

Risk of Herpes Zoster in Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder

“…The prevalence of ACoS in the general population has been estimated to be between 2% and 4%, and it is reported to be significantly higher in patients with diabetes, with estimates ranging from 10% to 22% [10,11]. The rates of ACoS in patients with diabetes 1-5 and 5-10 years after diagnosis were 32.3% and 33.8%, respectively [12]. Huang et al reported a hazard ratio of ACoS development in patients with diabetes compared with those without diabetes was 1.321, after adjusting for age, sex, and dyslipidemia [13].…”

Comparison of Clinical Outcomes between Idiopathic Frozen Shoulder and Diabetic Frozen Shoulder After a Single Ultrasound-Guided Intra-Articular Corticosteroid Injection

“…It has been widely-accepted by some experts that the treatment of diabetic patients with FS compared to that of idiopathic FS is more difficult and they show more resistance to treatment [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. However, there have been few well-designed studies of natural history of diabetic FS and comparison of clinical outcomes between diabetic FS and idiopathic FS after conservative treatments [14,24].…”