Analytic Approaches to Observational Studies With Treatment Selection Bias

Safety and Efficacy of IV-TPA for Ischaemic Stroke in Clinical Practice – A Bayesian Analysis

“…However, the impact of smaller studies on cumulative estimates was marginal. We also corrected for observational bias by calculating unadjusted and adjusted estimates of key outcome measures, and by performing sensitivity analyses to examine the potential influence of double counting and inclusion of SITS-MOST data [50]. The overall consistency of the outcome estimates in our analyses supports the contention that our findings are accurate and provide a useful quantitative summary of current phase 4 evidence for the use of IV-TPA according to the NINDS protocol in clinical practice.…”

Preoperative Administration of Hycet Elixir Reduces Hospital Length of Stay After Pediatric Outpatient Adeno/Tonsillectomy

“…Additionally, observations research is the preferred design for discovery of adverse events. 24 An additional strength of this study is the use of statistical techniques to lower the incidence of false discovery rates. False discovery rates guard against incorrect declarations of statistical significance, leading to potential changes in clinical care that are attributable to chance alone.…”

Impact of stroke units on mortality: a Bayesian analysis

“…The mechanism whereby stroke units achieve their efficacy has not been precisely elucidated [20], and given the broad range of settings from which these observational data were collected, potentially significant differences in the components of stroke unit care provided are likely. Furthermore, traditional adjustments for treatment selection bias have been found to be unreliable [21]. By compensating on a study‐by‐study basis not only for systematic bias but also the precision bias which is expected especially in larger observational studies, this Bayesian analysis offers a more conservative approach to observational data interpretation, and thereby maximizes reliability.…”