Analysis of the characteristics of the gas–liquid mixed artificial snow-making

Liu, Bin; Hu, Hengxiang; Bi, Lisen; Theodorakis, Panagiotis E.

doi:10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2022.12.025

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Simulating snowfall in artificial environments involves selecting appropriate snow crystal formation conditions to simulate natural snowfall processes. Under lowtemperature conditions, supercooled atomized water droplets are sprayed into the environment to produce nuclei, which promotes the combination of water vapor in the atmospheric environment with the nuclei to form snowflakes, thereby creating snowfall [7].…”

Section: Snow Formation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snowfall Intensity Measurement in Civil Aircraft Ground Testing

Wang,

Li,

et al. 2024

Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

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In this paper, research on snowfall intensity measurement in civil aircraft ground testing is discussed, providing technical support for adaptability testing and verification of civil aircraft in snowfall environments. Snowy weather has a significant impact on the propulsion system, flight control system, and flight performance of civil aircraft. By analyzing the mechanisms of snow formation and the requirements for simulating snowfall environments in civil aircraft airworthiness tests, the measurement methods for snowfall intensity were studied. The feasibility and advantages of the hot-wire method for measuring snowfall intensity were proposed. According to the simulation requirements of civil aircraft snowfall experiments, a snowfall environment simulation system was constructed. A comparative experiment was carried out to measure total water content using the hot-wire and weighing methods. Experimental results show that the hot-wire method has good real-time performance in measuring the total water content in simulated snowfall environments and can simultaneously measure the liquid water content. In contrast, the weighing method calculates the total water content by obtaining continuous snow accumulation weight and snowfall rate but has poorer real-time performance. During a 1000-second comparative test, the hot-wire method and the weighing method measured average total water content values of 2.58 g/m3 and 2.75 g/m3, respectively, with a 6% difference between the two methods. The experimental results indicate that the hot-wire method has high real-time performance in measuring snowfall intensity, relatively accurate test results, and can simultaneously measure the dryness and wetness of snow, indicating that the hot-wire method has good application prospects in the field of measuring simulated snowfall intensity. Using the research results can effectively support adaptability testing and verification of civil aircraft in snowfall environments.

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Section: Snow Formation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snowfall Intensity Measurement in Civil Aircraft Ground Testing

Wang,

Li,

et al. 2024

Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

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“…Yapay kar yapmanın temel teorisi, sıvı suyun küçük damlacıklar halinde atomlaştırılmasına dayanır; bu damlacıklar, inişten önce tamamen donana kadar çevredeki ortamla ısı transferi ve buharlaşma nedeniyle ısı kaybıyla daha sonra kendi sıcaklıklarını düşürür. Gaz-sıvı karışımlı suni kar yapma işlemi sırasında hem nozülden dışarı akan damlacıklar ile ortam arasındaki ısı alışverişinin hem de damlacıkların buharlaşmasından kaynaklanan ısı kaybının yanı sıra damlacıkların tüm püskürtme alanındaki dağılımı ve sıcaklık ve nem gibi çevresel koşullarından etkilenmektedir (Liu, Hu, Bi, & Theodorakis, 2023). Suni karlama sistemi Palandöken Ejder 3200 ve Kayseri Erciyes kayak merkezlerinde üst düzeyde kullanılmaktadır.…”

Section: Suni Kar Makineleriunclassified

Mobil Uygulamalar Aracılığıyla Koşma Egzersizleri İçin Performans Ölçümü

Ulupınar,

Özbay

2023

Dijital Çağda Spor Araştırmaları II

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Günümüzün dijital bağlantılı dünyasında mobil uygulamalar, özellikle koşucular olmak üzere fitness tutkunları için vazgeçilmez bir araç haline geldi. Bu araştırma, koşu egzersizlerinde performansı ölçmek için özel olarak tasarlanmış mobil uygulamaların kullanımını araştırıyor. Bu çalışma, bu uygulamaların sunduğu mesafe, hız, kalp atış hızı ve yükseklik değişikliklerinin gerçek zamanlı takibi gibi özellikleri ve işlevleri incelemektedir. Bu uygulamalar tarafından sağlanan gelişmiş analitik, koşucuların yalnızca ilerlemelerini izlemelerine yardımcı olmakla kalmaz, aynı zamanda antrenman rejimlerini optimize etmeye yönelik stratejiler sunar. Ek olarak, sosyal özelliklerin entegrasyonu, kullanıcıları kararlı kalmaya ve sağlıklı bir şekilde rekabet etmeye motive ederek bir topluluk duygusu geliştirir. Veri doğruluğu, mahremiyet endişeleri ve pil tüketimi gibi zorluklar da tartışılmaktadır. Mevcut çalışma, mobil uygulamaların koşucuların deneyimini önemli ölçüde geliştirmesine ve performans gelişimi için değerli veriler sağlamasına rağmen, kullanıcıların potansiyel sınırlamalara dikkat etmesi ve teknoloji destekli eğitime dengeli bir yaklaşım sağlaması gerektiği sonucuna varmaktadır.

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“…As can be seen from the working process of the snow-makers, the formation of artificial snow can be divided into two processes: atomization and crystallization [7]. Atomization is the process of spraying atomized droplets of high-pressure water into the nozzle, colliding Energies 2023, 16, 7276 2 of 15 and mixing with high-pressure air [8,9]. When the nozzle structure and fluid type are constant, the main influencing factor of the atomization process is the fluid pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mirabedin and Farhadi [15] used numerical simulations to investigate whether the Mpemba effect can occur in a single droplet, and found that a higher initial temperature of the droplet is favorable for achieving freezing. Liu et al [16] studied the evaporative cooling and freezing phase transition process of individual water droplets as the first and second stages of artificial snow making. The results showed that the maximum diameter of water droplets that is allowed through artificial snow making increased with a decrease in the ambient temperature and relative humidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Investigation on the Size Distribution of Snow Particles during Artificial Snow Making

Zhao,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Energies

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For artificial snowfall, snow particle size can have a direct impact on snow quality. The operating conditions of the snow-makers and environmental factors will influence the atomization and crystallization processes of artificial snow making, which consequently affect snow particle size. This paper investigates the size distribution of snow particles during artificial snow making under different operating conditions and environmental parameters. For this purpose, an environmental chamber is designed and structured. The laser scattering method was used to measure the size distribution of snow under different parameters in the room. The results show that the distribution of snow crystal particle size aligns closely with the Rosin–Rammler (R-R) distribution. The higher the height of the snowfall, the longer the snow crystals grow and the larger the snow crystal particle size. It has been found that a higher air pressure favors atomization, while the opposite is true for water pressure, which results in a higher air–water pressure ratio, producing smaller snow particle sizes. Additionally, an ambient temperature in the range of −5 °C to −15 °C contributes to the snow crystal form transforming from plates to columns and then back to plates; the snow particle size first decreases and then increases. Snow crystal particles at −10 °C have the smallest size. Outdoor snow-makers should be operated at the highest possible air–water pressure ratio and snow height, and at a suitable ambient temperature.

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Analysis of the characteristics of the gas–liquid mixed artificial snow-making

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Snowfall Intensity Measurement in Civil Aircraft Ground Testing

Snowfall Intensity Measurement in Civil Aircraft Ground Testing

Mobil Uygulamalar Aracılığıyla Koşma Egzersizleri İçin Performans Ölçümü

An Experimental Investigation on the Size Distribution of Snow Particles during Artificial Snow Making

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