Analysis of sulfonamides by capillary electrophoresis

Abstract

The methods of analysis of sulfonamides (SFAs) using CE are reviewed. Sulfonamides were the first antimicrobial group of drugs used in medical treatment. These compounds are still used today in medicine and widely are employed in veterinary medicine, also for their growth promoter effects. Improved methods of analysis of sulfonamides are a constant challenge for researchers. CE is a new trend in the fields of pharmaceutical and food analyses. Several methods for the determination of SFAs by CE have been published in recent years, and the present review considers applications in quality control of pharmaceutical dosage forms, food analysis, determinations in serum, and other biological fluids as well as in electrophoresis experiments which examine the behavior of this class of compounds for theoretical studies of the technique. This review covers studies ranging from the pioneering works on sulfonamide analyses using classical electrophoresis to the more recent CE methods coupled to tandem mass spectrometers. The sections are divided following the EC modes like CZE, MEKC, and hyphenated methods (CE-MS, CE-MS/MS). A brief compilation of theoretical findings of sulfonamides electrophoretic behavior is also included. Parameters such as recoveries, LOD and LOQ, among others, are examined, covering works published until August 2008. This review can contribute to further research aimed to improve the analysis of SFAs by CE.

Graphene-Fe3O4as a magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent coupled to capillary electrophoresis for the determination of sulfonamides in milk

“…Separations were performed in a fused‐silica capillary with dimensions of 75 μm id × 40.2 cm (30 cm effective length). Optimization of the separation conditions were evaluated based on the references . The running buffer was composed of 60 mmol/L Na 2 HPO 4 , 2 mmol/L EDTA disodium salt (EDTA) and 24% v/v methanol.…”

Capillary electrophoresis of natural products: Highlights of the last five years (2006–2010)

“…The plot shows an upsurge trend indicative of the increased interest and activity. Sixty eight percent (68%) of these publications came out in 2006–2010, the coverage of this review, with the following topics: pharmaceutical and herbal products applications 16–49, food and food contaminants 50–88, detection 89–103, toxicological compounds 104–111, microchips 67, 88, 112, and preconcentration 113–120. There were reviews on the general advances and new aspects of CE‐natural products analysis 15, 121, 122.…”

Food analysis: A continuous challenge for miniaturized separation techniques

“…Sulfonamides are another important group of antibiotics that are suitable to be separated by CE due to their double dissociation equilibria 51. Li et al .…”