Analysis of small droplets with a new detector for liquid chromatography based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Janzen, Christoph; Fleige, Rüdiger; Noll, Reinhard; Schwenke, H.; Lahmann, W.; Knoth, J.; Beaven, P. A.; Jantzen, Eckard; Oest, Andreas; Koke, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2005.05.033

Cited by 64 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Liquid analysis by LIBS also suffers from poor signal quality, reduced plasma emission and low limits of detection due to shot to shot signal fluctuations. In order to overcome some of these difficulties, various approaches including: formation of the plasma on liquid surfaces [22], on droplets [23,24] on flowing-jet liquids [25] and use of double pulses for plasma formation [26,27] have been employed by several groups in LIBS community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a continuous flow hydride generation laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic system: Determination of tin in aqueous environments

Ünal

Yalçın

2010

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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The design, construction and optimization studies of a continuous flow hydride generation laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic system, HG-LIBS, for the determination of tin in aqueous environments is presented. Optimization of the Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) signal with respect to carrier gas flow rate, analyte, acid (HCl) and reductant (NaBH 4 ) concentrations and flow rates was performed by using spectral emission intensity from the neutral Sn(I) line at 284.0 nm under atmospheric pressures. With flow rates of 5.0 mL/min for NaBH 4 and 2.5 mL/min for HCl, optimum NaBH 4 and HCl concentrations were determined as 2.0% (w/v) and 1.0% (v/v), respectively. The hydride generation efficiency of the system was tested for tin hydride, stannane (SnH 4 ), by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). It was found that higher than 99% of the analyte was released into the gaseous phase. Upon optimization, the minimum detectable Sn concentration was found as 0.3 mg/L in water samples. That corresponds to more than two orders of increase in sensitivity compared to methods that employ common sample introduction techniques in liquids analysis by LIBS. Over 90% recoveries were obtained from spiking experiments with river, tap and drinking water samples. Results illustrate potential use of the continuous flow HG-LIBS system for monitoring of Sn concentrations in aqueous environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a continuous flow hydride generation laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic system: Determination of tin in aqueous environments

Ünal

Yalçın

2010

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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“…They reported a fluctuation in the single-shot signal from dissolved Ca and Au due to the droplet being far from the center of the air-plasma and used a simultaneous hydrogen β line monitoring to confirm the presence of droplets in the plasma. Using a droplet generator in a continuous mode, also Janzen et al [16] reported a significant signal decline when the droplet lies a few micrometers away from the optimal position. To overcome the fluctuation, they applied a diode laser based droplet detection system to trigger the exciting laser when the lateral displacement of the droplet was within a few micrometers.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 96%

Detection of Ni, Pb and Zn in water using electrodynamic single-particle levitation and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Järvinen

Saari

Keskinen

et al. 2014

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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“…Plasma formation on flowing jet liquids [3][4][5], inside bubbles [6], on liquid droplets [7][8], on aerosols formed by nebulization [9,10] or by electro-spray ionization [11,12], on samples in which physical conditions are changed by freezing [13,14] or by chemical derivatization [15][16][17][18], liquids adsorbed on solid substrates [19][20][21][22][23] or on sol-gels [24] and use of sequential laser pulses [25][26][27][28][29] are some of the efforts devoted in the last decade to increase the analytical capability of the LIBS technique for liquids analysis. Also, filtration based approaches, collection of the suspended particles like pollen, bacteria, fungi and viruses on filters enabled analysis of biological materials in water [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic method for ultra-trace determination of Cu, Mn, Cd and Pb metals in aqueous droplets after drying

Aras

Yalçın

2016

Talanta

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Keywords:Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy Liquid droplet analysis Oxidized silicon wafer substrate (Si þ SiO 2 ) a b s t r a c tThe present study reports a fast and accurate methodology for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic, LIBS, analysis of aqueous samples for environmental monitoring purposes. This methodology has two important attributes: one is the use of a 300 nm oxide coated silicon wafer substrate (Siþ SiO 2 ) for the first time for manual injection of 0.5 microliter aqueous metal solutions, and two is the use of high energy laser pulses focused outside the minimum focus position of a plano convex lens at which relatively large laser beam spot covers the entire droplet area for plasma formation. Optimization of instrumental LIBS parameters like detector delay time, gate width and laser energy has been performed to maximize atomic emission signal of target analytes; Cu, Mn, Cd and Pb. Under the optimal conditions, calibration curves were constructed and enhancements in the LIBS emission signal were obtained compared to the results of similar studies given in the literature. The analytical capability of the LIBS technique in liquid analysis has been improved. Absolute detection limits of 1.3 pg Cu, 3.3 pg Mn, 79 pg Cd and 48 pg Pb in 0.5 microliter volume of droplets were obtained from single shot analysis of five sequential droplets. The applicability of the proposed methodology to real water samples was tested on the Certified Reference Material, Trace Metals in Drinking Water, CRM-TMDW and on ICP multi-element standard samples. The accuracy of the method was found at a level of minimum 92% with relative standard deviations of at most 20%. Results suggest that 300 nm oxide coated silicon wafer has an excellent potential to be used as a substrate for direct analysis of contaminants in water supplies by LIBS and further research, development and engineering will increase the performance and applicability of the methodology.

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Analysis of small droplets with a new detector for liquid chromatography based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Cited by 64 publications

References 18 publications

Development of a continuous flow hydride generation laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic system: Determination of tin in aqueous environments

Development of a continuous flow hydride generation laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic system: Determination of tin in aqueous environments

Detection of Ni, Pb and Zn in water using electrodynamic single-particle levitation and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Development and validation of a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic method for ultra-trace determination of Cu, Mn, Cd and Pb metals in aqueous droplets after drying

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