Analysis of pure copper – a comparison of analytical methods

Lange, Birger; Recknagel, Sebastian; Czerwensky, Michael; Matschat, Ralf; Michaelis, M.; Peplinski, B.; Panne, Ulrich

doi:10.1007/s00604-007-0849-1

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The authors would like to re-obtain a large number of objects from the S. Francesco Hoard in order to use an accurate sampling method and at least two, not invasive, analytical methods such as the floor-top XRF, a GD-OES [8] and a NAA [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Razors, Horse Bits or Axes; Search of the Different Composition in Common Use Bronze Villanovan Objects (VIII-VII Century B.C., Italy) by Multivariate Analysis

Visco

Ridolfi²,

Plattner³

et al. 2010

CAC

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One of the main issues still not resolved is to what extent casters were capable to change the composition of the bronze objects in order to meet the demands of the "market". To face this problem it is necessary to study a large number of items produced by a single foundry with modern analytical techniques.The discovery of a Dolium at the end of 1800, buried near a furnace containing more than 14,000 pieces of bronze objects allowed performing compositional analysis on virtually every item of daily use. The objects were found in central Italy near Bologna in the so called "ripostiglio di San Francesco" ("hoard of San Francesco"). 431 measurements were carried out using portable energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence analysis (EDXRF). Abundance of the main elements (Cu, Sn, Pb, Fe, Sb, Ag, As) in the bronze alloy was analysed on 229 objects, after their brushing in order to remove the "patina" of oxidation. On 126 objects a single point was analysed (with measurement repetition), while on 155 objects two or more points were investigated. The research objects were chosen among the 14,000 pieces by museum curators and were grouped in 15 categories based on a visual and functional study. The complete data set was studied by chemometric analyses with Explorative Data Analysis techniques.The results of this preliminary study could not identify a clear correlation between composition and destination of use. However, some of the technical aspects of the fusion process were highlighted by this research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today, micro-invasive analysis allows performing many measurements on various points of the same sample without damages [8,9]. This technique provides a large number of emission spectra and consequently a big amount of data element-concentration%, but analysts prefer to remove the oxide patina before sampling down to the metal bulk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Razors, Horse Bits or Axes; Search of the Different Composition in Common Use Bronze Villanovan Objects (VIII-VII Century B.C., Italy) by Multivariate Analysis

Visco

Ridolfi²,

Plattner³

et al. 2010

CAC

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“…No significant inhomogeneity was found and the samples were fit for their intended use. 31 Due to much higher spatial resolution of the LA system compared to spark-OES the homogeneity was investigated again. In Fig.…”

Section: Homogeneity Of the Bam Copper Calibration Setmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different calibration strategies for the analysis of pure copper metal by nanosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Traub

Czerwensky

Matschat

et al. 2010

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…Several copper and zinc CRMs from BAM and IRMM [38][39][40] were used as calibration samples or as analytical samples to verify the accuracy of the different calibration strategies (Table 2). For the LA analysis, the CRMs were cut into smaller pieces to place up to nine samples inside the ablation cell.…”

Section: Certified Reference Materials Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of different calibration strategies for the analysis of pure copper and zinc samples using femtosecond laser ablation ICP-MS

et al. 2009

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Solution-doped metal powder pellets as well as aspirated liquids were used as calibration samples to analyze pure copper and zinc certified reference materials (CRMs) by femtosecond laser ablation ICP-MS. It was demonstrated that calibration by copper pellets resulted in relative deviations up to 20%, whereas fs-LA-ICP-MS among copper-based CRMs led to inaccuracies in the same range unless nominal mass fractions were chosen to be <3 mg/kg. Calibration by zinc pellets generally provided better accuracy. Depending on the analyte considered, deviations below 10% were obtained even for mass fractions close to the limit of quantification. Our data, therefore, indicate solution-doped metal powder pellets to be suitable as calibration samples for fs-LA-ICP-MS of metals. Furthermore, the utilization of liquid standards for calibration was found to result in stronger deviations of up to 50% for both copper and zinc samples which, in addition, turned out to be dependent on the plasma conditions.

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Analysis of pure copper – a comparison of analytical methods

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Razors, Horse Bits or Axes; Search of the Different Composition in Common Use Bronze Villanovan Objects (VIII-VII Century B.C., Italy) by Multivariate Analysis

Razors, Horse Bits or Axes; Search of the Different Composition in Common Use Bronze Villanovan Objects (VIII-VII Century B.C., Italy) by Multivariate Analysis

Different calibration strategies for the analysis of pure copper metal by nanosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Evaluation of different calibration strategies for the analysis of pure copper and zinc samples using femtosecond laser ablation ICP-MS

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