Analysis of Institutional and Evolutionary Aspect of High-tech Sectors Development on Instrument Engineering Example

Abstract

The aim of the study is to determine the perspective components of the network strategy for the development of the industry on the basis of an analysis of the theory and practice of instrument engineering development in the conditions of Industry 4.0 and an analysis of trends in instrument engineering. The research methodology is based on evolutionary theory as the direction of a new institutional economy. The institutional-evolutionary approach to security strategies involves considering a set of institutions and the laws of their interaction, ensuring the conversion of resources into real results by effective methods in accordance with the national context and the needs of society. The study proved that the importance of instrument engineering is due to the fact that the expansion of the research base of innovative processes is associated with the use of modern analytical instruments. The main aspects of the role of instrumentation in the economy are determined. It is shown that modern instrument engineering is a high-tech and high-tech industry, widely uses ICT, nanotechnology, microminiaturization, elements of artificial intelligence, etc. From the organizational, economic and institutional point of view, instrument engineering is considered as an intersectoral high-tech complex, which is also a factor in the innovative development of a number of technological industries and the result of their innovation. This fact determines the affiliation of instrument engineering to structure-forming industries, in which new technologies are spreading to other sectors of the economy. For a more detailed analysis of the institutional dynamics of the industry in Ukraine, the main statistical indicators of instrument engineering are considered. It is shown that the prospects of domestic instrument engineering are primarily associated with the production of qualitatively new products and the conquest of the domestic market, whose capacity is several times greater than not only the current export volumes of the sector, but also the entire production in it. It is proved that from a strategic point of view, it is necessary to find new mechanisms for the development of the industry, in particular based on digitalization. Instrument engineering is also considered at the same time as part of the transformation of production and its digitalization, as well as the object of introducing new technologies. Thus, the industry’s prospects are associated with the creation of a digital infrastructure, which is a cross-industry platform that will allow organizing productive interaction of all participants in the innovation process. Appropriate approaches should be implemented as part of institutional strategies both in the development and use of devices as part of a digital smart manufacturing strategy. An analysis of the foreign experience of industry leaders has shown that small and medium-sized enterprises prevail in instrument engineering, despite the presence of large global leaders. It is shown that the activation of the role of small instrument-making enterprises as participants in technological development requires the search for new forms of interaction, among which the network should be highlighted. For the institutional and evolutionary development of instrument engineering, it is proposed to use the features of a traditional cluster and network, focused on the formation of a technological platform. Keywords instrument engineering, strategy, innovation, trends, network, institutions.