Analysis of DNA strand break induction and repair in plants from the vicinity of Chernobyl

Syomov, Alexandr B.; Ptitsyna, S. N.; Сергеева, С. А.

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(92)90232-h

Cited by 33 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…An improved DNA repair capacity and ability to germinate under abiotic stresses (salinity and accelerated ageing) was shown in seed embryos of evening primrose growing near the Chernobyl NPP on sites contaminated with c-and b-emitters, while on the a-, b-and c-contaminated site such an improvement was not found (Boubriak et al 2008). This is in line with data on the successful adaptation of wild vetch populations living on sites most highly contaminated by b-emitters, but not by a-emitters (Syomov et al 1992). Consequently, there are good theoretical and practical reasons for more attention being paid to the mechanisms by which populations become more radioresistant, and to those situations where radio-adaptation appears not to be taking place.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Effects of radioactive contamination on Scots pines in the remote period after the Chernobyl accident

et al. 2011

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A 6 year study of Scots pine populations inhabiting sites in the Bryansk region of Russia radioactively contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl accident is presented. In six study sites, (137)Cs activity concentrations and heavy metal content in soils, as well as (137)Cs, (90)Sr and heavy metal concentrations in cones were measured. Doses absorbed in reproduction organs of pine trees were calculated using a dosimetric model. The maximum annual dose absorbed at the most contaminated site was about 130 mGy. Occurrence of aberrant cells scored in the root meristem of germinated seeds collected from pine trees growing on radioactively contaminated territories for over 20 years significantly exceeded the reference levels during all 6 years of the study. The data suggest that cytogenetic effects occur in Scots pine populations due to the radioactive contamination. However, no consistent differences in reproductive ability were detected between the impacted and reference populations as measured by the frequency of abortive seeds. Even though the Scots pine populations have occupied radioactively contaminated territories for two decades, there were no clear indications of adaptation to the radiation, when measured by the number of aberrant cells in root meristems of seeds exposed to an additional acute dose of radiation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Effects of radioactive contamination on Scots pines in the remote period after the Chernobyl accident

et al. 2011

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“…An improved DNA repair capacity and ability to germinate under abiotic stress was shown in seeds embryos of evening primrose growing near the Chernobyl NPP on sites contaminated with -and -emitters, while on the -, -and -contaminated site such an improvement was not found [19]. This is in line with data on the successful adaptation of wild vetch populations on sites most highly contaminated by -emitters, but not by -emitters [20]. Consequently, there are good theoretical and practical reasons for more attention being paid to the mechanisms by which populations become more radioresistant, and to those situations where radio-adaptation appears not to be taking place.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Impact assessment of long-term chronic radiation exposure on plant populations

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Studies that examine biological effects on non-human biota in natural settings provide a unique opportunity for obtaining information about the potential biological hazard associated with radioactive contamination. The results of long-term field study in the Bryansk Region, Russia, affected by the Chernobyl accident are discussed. Plant populations growing in areas with relatively low levels of pollution are characterized by the increased level of both cytogenetic alterations and genetic diversity. In particular, radioactive contamination of the plants' environment activates genetic mechanisms, changing a population's resistance to exposure. However, there are radioecological situations where enhanced radioresistance has not evolved or has not persisted. A development of a system for protection of the environment from ionizing radiation should be based on a clear understanding of these effects and their contribution to response of populations.

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“…Mutations, although important and powerful tools of adaptation, are definitely not the sole basis for development of plant adaptive responses, as most of them are deleterious. Many excellent papers appearing during the last 5 to 7 years have demonstrated the harmful effects of Chernobyl radiation on the genetic apparatus of plant, animal, and human populations exposed for different periods of time (Syomov et al, 1992;Dubrova et al, 1996;Satoh and Kodaira, 1996;Ellegren et al, 1997;Kovalchuk et al, 1998Kovalchuk et al, , 2000bKovalchuk et al, , 2003a, The progeny of plants that were collected in 1990 from control (CT), Chernobyl (Ch), and Tolsty Les (TL), experimental plots was germinated in sterile conditions. In the course of this experiment, one set of 14-dold control and Chernobyl plants were placed in 100 mM RB for 2 h. The other set of plants was irradiated with x-rays (1 Gy) and frozen 2 h after exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have been conducted to analyze plant performance under acute and chronic radiation exposure. They revealed a high frequency of chromosome aberrations in Crepis tectorum, winter rye (Secale cereale), and wheat (Triticum aestivum) populations grown in the Chernobyl exclusion zone (Shevchenko and Grinikh, 1990;Shkvarnikov, 1990;Ziablitskaia et al, 1996), increased incidences of DNA single-strand breaks (Syomov et al, 1992), increased frequency of embryonic lethal mutants (Abramov et al, 1992), as well as pronounced dose-dependent genome destabilization (Kovalchuk et al, 1998(Kovalchuk et al, , 2000b.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Aspects of Plant Adaptation to Life in the Chernobyl Zone

et al. 2004

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With each passing year since the Chernobyl accident of 1986, more questions arise about the potential for organisms to adapt to radiation exposure. Often this is thought to be attributed to somatic and germline mutation rates in various organisms. We analyzed the adaptability of native Arabidopsis plants collected from areas with different levels of contamination around the Chernobyl nuclear power plant from 1986 to 1992. Notably, progeny of Chernobyl plants resisted higher concentrations of the mutagens Rose Bengal and methyl methane sulfonate. We analyzed the possible molecular mechanisms of their resistance to mutagens and found a more than 10-fold lower frequency of extrachromosomal homologous recombination, significant differences in the expression of radical scavenging (CAT1 and FSD3) and DNA-repair (RAD1 and RAD51-like) genes upon exposure to mutagens (Rose Bengal and x-rays), and a higher level of global genome methylation. This data suggests that adaptation to ionizing radiation is a complex process involving epigenetic regulation of gene expression and genome stabilization that improves plants' resistance to environmental mutagens.

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Analysis of DNA strand break induction and repair in plants from the vicinity of Chernobyl

Cited by 33 publications

References 4 publications

Effects of radioactive contamination on Scots pines in the remote period after the Chernobyl accident

Effects of radioactive contamination on Scots pines in the remote period after the Chernobyl accident

Impact assessment of long-term chronic radiation exposure on plant populations

Molecular Aspects of Plant Adaptation to Life in the Chernobyl Zone

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