Analysis of Cyclooxygenase 2, Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1, and Arginase 1 Expression in Human Pituitary Adenoma

Zhao, Guodong; Chen, Weike; Juanjuan, He; Zhao, Lihua; Zhao, Yueshu; Sun, Cuilian; Nie, Dongli; Jin, Feng; Kong, Ling‐Bin

doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2020.09.031

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The binding of PD-1 to PD-L1 alters the activity of T cells through numerous mechanisms, thereby inhibiting T cell proliferation, survival, and their ensuing effects [ 25 ]. Moreover, the level of infiltration of T cells in GHPA and the expression of PD-L1 are higher compared with other PAs, which is consistent with the results of our present study [ 8 , 26 – 28 ]. We show here that the populations of CD4 + cells, CD8 + cells, and the levels of PD-L1 in GHPA were higher compared with those of NFPA, indicating a unique association of the TIME with GHPA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The intestinal flora of patients with GHPA affects the growth and the expression of PD-L1 of tumor

Nie

Fang

Cheng

et al. 2021

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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Context Pituitary adenoma (PA) is a common intracranial tumor. The evidence indicates that the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is associated with PA and that the intestinal flora influences other tumors' growth through interacting with the TIME. However, how the intestinal microbial flora contributes to the development of PA through the immune response is unknown. Objective and methods Here we used high-throughput Illumina MiSeq sequencing targeting the V3−V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene to investigate the intestinal flora of patients with growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA), nonfunctional pituitary adenoma (NFPA), and healthy controls. We determined their effects on tumor growth and the TIME. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed after adoptive transfer via peripheral blood mononuclear cells to tumor-bearing nude mice, which allowed the study of the immune response. Result We discovered differences in the structures and quantities of intestinal flora between patients with GHPA, patients with NFPA, and healthy controls. After FMT, the intestinal flora of GHPA patients promoted the growth of tumors in mouse models. The number of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive cells increased in tumor tissues as well as the extent of infiltration of CD8+ cells. Increased numbers of CD3+CD8+ cells and increased levels of sPD-L1 were detected in peripheral blood. Conclusion These findings indicated that the intestinal flora of patients with GHPA promoted tumor growth and that the immune system may mediate this change.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The intestinal flora of patients with GHPA affects the growth and the expression of PD-L1 of tumor

Nie

Fang

Cheng

et al. 2021

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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“…Several studies have described the expression of PD-L1 in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs). In general, the present studies indicated that PD-L1 is highly expressed in invasive pituitary tumors as well as in some functional pituitary tumors, particularly in somatotrophs and lactotrophs [ 28 – 33 ]. Furthermore, in a recent study of 264 pituitary adenoma specimens, researchers found a high incidence of significant overexpression of PD-L1 in Pit-1-positive tumors [ 34 ].…”

Section: Pd-1/pd-l1mentioning

confidence: 75%

Immune Checkpoints: Therapeutic Targets for Pituitary Tumors

et al. 2021

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Pituitary tumors are the third most common intracranial tumors in adults. Treatment of refractory pituitary tumors is known to be difficult due to limited treatment options. As a promising therapeutic method, tumor immunotherapy has been applied in the treatment of many tumors, including pituitary tumors. Immune checkpoint blocking is one of the effective strategies to activate antitumor immunity. Immune checkpoints prevent tissue damage by regulating the immune response of peripheral tissues and participate in the maintenance of a normal immune environment. In the presence of a tumor, inhibition of T cell activity by tumor cells binding to immune checkpoints and their ligands is an important mechanism for tumor cells to escape immune injury. In this review, we summarize the latest findings of immune checkpoints and their potential as immunotherapeutic targets for pituitary tumors.

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“…There was no difference between primary and recurrent adenomas. [ 5 , 42 , 49 , 50 , 52 , 56 ] 67; 191; 48; 27; 115; 55. Immunohistochemistry; RNA-seq.…”

Section: Immune Cells Infiltrate In Pasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research advances on the immune research and prospect of immunotherapy in pituitary adenomas

Nie

Fang

et al. 2021

World J Surg Onc

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Background Pituitary adenomas are one type of intracranial tumor, which can be divided into microadenoma (≤ 1 cm), macroadenoma (> 1 cm), and giant adenoma (≥ 4 cm) according to their diametral sizes. They are benign, typically slow-progressing, whereas the biological behavior of some of them is invasive, which presents a major clinical challenge. Treatment of some pituitary adenomas is still difficult due to drug resistance or multiple relapses, usually after surgery, medication, and radiation. At present, no clear prediction and treatment biomarkers have been found in pituitary adenomas and some of them do not cause clinical symptoms, so patients are often found to be ill through physical examination, and some are even found through autopsy. With the development of research on pituitary adenomas, the immune response has become a hot spot and may serve as a novel disease marker and therapeutic target. The distribution and function of immune cells and their secreted molecules in pituitary adenomas are extremely complex. Researchers found that infiltration of immune cells may have a positive effect on the treatment and prognosis of pituitary adenomas. In this review, we summarized the advance of tumor immunity in pituitary adenomas, revealing the immunity molecules as potential biomarkers as well as therapeutic agents for pituitary adenomas. Conclusion The immune studies related to pituitary adenomas may help us find relevant immune markers. At the same time, the exploration of immunotherapy also provides new options for the treatment of pituitary adenomas.

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Analysis of Cyclooxygenase 2, Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1, and Arginase 1 Expression in Human Pituitary Adenoma

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

The intestinal flora of patients with GHPA affects the growth and the expression of PD-L1 of tumor

The intestinal flora of patients with GHPA affects the growth and the expression of PD-L1 of tumor

Immune Checkpoints: Therapeutic Targets for Pituitary Tumors

Research advances on the immune research and prospect of immunotherapy in pituitary adenomas

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