Analysis of cyanobacterial metabolites in surface and raw drinking waters reveals more than microcystin

Beversdorf, Lucas J.; Rude, Kayla; Weirich, Chelsea A.; Bartlett, Sarah L.; Seaman, Mary; Kozik, Christine; Biese, Peter; Gosz, Timothy; Suha, Michael; Stempa, Christopher; Shaw, Christopher; Hedman, Curtis J.; Piatt, Joseph J.; Miller, Todd R.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2018.04.032

Cited by 67 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Therefore, the analysis confirms the end of bloom episode and the quality of the water already allowed its use without any risk associated with algae. The present results agree with recent studies in which analysis of cyanotoxins and CPs in surface waters reveals more than MC [31,32,35,41,42,51,65,67,68]. However, these cyanopeptides have received little attention and there are few toxicity and health risk studies about APs and OCA Y.…”

Section: Case Study Descriptionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In the samples received in September from the Susqueda and El Pasteral reservoirs, the presence of APs at the trace level in the intracellular fraction was earlier detected. Additionally, in many other previous studies, these peptides have already been found in cyanobacterial blooms and it is typical to find them associated with MCs [31,35,41,42,51,65,67,68]. These peptides are bioactive and are commonly produced by species such as Anabaena and Planktothrix [11,15,16].…”

Section: Suspect Screening By Lc-hrmsmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…As expected, due to the high content of algae presented, the superficial scums sample is the one with the highest concentration of bioactive metabolites at the intracellular level. Although recently these peptides are detected frequently worldwide [31,35,41,42,51,65,67,68], to our knowledge, no previous studies have detected these bioactive peptides at such high levels. In general, the main CPs detected for the samples analyzed were: AP F > AP B > OCA Y.…”

Section: Suspect Screening By Lc-hrmsmentioning

confidence: 82%

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High Levels of Anabaenopeptins Detected in a Cyanobacteria Bloom from N.E. Spanish Sau-Susqueda-El Pasteral Reservoirs System by LC–HRMS

Flores

Caixach

2020

Toxins

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The appearance of a bloom of cyanobacteria in the Sau-Susqueda-El Pasteral system (River Ter, NE Spain) in the autumn of 2015 has been the most recent episode of extensive bloom detected in Catalonia. This system is devoted mainly to urban supply, regulation of the river, irrigation and production of hydroelectric energy. In fact, it is one of the main supply systems for the metropolitan area of cities such as Barcelona and Girona. An assessment and management plan was implemented in order to minimize the risk associated to cyanobacteria. The reservoir was confined and periodic sampling was carried out. Low and high toxicity was detected by cell bioassays with human cell lines. Additionally, analysis studies were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS). A microcystin target analysis and suspect screening of microcystins, nodularins, cylindrosperpmopsin and related cyanobacterial peptides by LC–HRMS were applied. The results for the analysis of microcystins were negative (<0.3 μg/L) in all the surface samples. Only traces of microcystin-LR, -RR and -dmRR were detected by LC–HRMS in a few ng/L from both fractions, aqueous and sestonic. In contrast, different anabaenopeptins and oscillamide Y at unusually high concentrations (µg-mg/L) were observed. To our knowledge, no previous studies have detected these bioactive peptides at such high levels. The reliable identification of these cyanobacterial peptides was achieved by HRMS. Although recently these peptides are detected frequently worldwide, these bioactive compounds have received little attention. Therefore, more studies on these substances are recommended, especially on their toxicity, health risk and presence in water resources.

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Section: Case Study Descriptionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Suspect Screening By Lc-hrmsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Suspect Screening By Lc-hrmsmentioning

confidence: 82%

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High Levels of Anabaenopeptins Detected in a Cyanobacteria Bloom from N.E. Spanish Sau-Susqueda-El Pasteral Reservoirs System by LC–HRMS

Flores

Caixach

2020

Toxins

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“…PIs are widespread among cyanobacterial taxa and were isolated from many cyanobacterial blooms [26,27]. In drinking water treatment plants, PIs can reach loadings that are comparable to that of MCs, and these loadings are strongly correlated with the abundance of cyanobacteria [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cyanopeptolines are a group of potent PIs, of which for example cyanopeptolin 1020 has been shown to inhibit human kallikrein [29]. Ahp-cyclodepsipeptides, including cyanopeptolines, have been reported in field samples [28,[30][31][32][33], and more than 200 different Ahp-cyclodepsipeptides have been identified in cyanobacterial strains covering several genera [25], which underlines that they are widespread.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphate Limitation Increases Content of Protease Inhibitors in the Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa

Burberg

Petzoldt

Elert

2020

Toxins

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Increased anthropogenic nutrient input has led to eutrophication of lakes and ponds, resulting worldwide in more frequent and severe cyanobacterial blooms. In particular, enhanced availability of phosphorus (P) can promote cyanobacterial mass developments and may affect the content of secondary metabolites in cyanobacteria, such as protease inhibitors (PIs). PIs are common among cyanobacteria and have been shown to negatively affect herbivorous zooplankton. Here, we test the hypothesis that P-limitation reduces the growth of Microcystis, but increases the content of PIs. In batch culture experiments with eight different initial phosphate concentrations (5–75 µM) we determined growth, stoichiometry, and PI content of Microcystis aeruginosa NIVA Cya 43. This strain produces the protease inhibitor BN920 that is converted by chlorination to CP954, which constitutes the major PI in this strain. C:N:P-ratios of the biomass indicated variation of P-limitation with treatment and time. When normalized to biomass, the PI content varied up to nearly nineteen-fold with treatment and time and was highest in the low-P treatments, especially during the mid-exponential growth phase. However, these effects were alleviated under nitrogen co-limitation. The content of CP954 showed an inverse u-shaped response to growth rate and C:N-ratio of the cyanobacterial biomass, whereas it increased with cyanobacterial C:P. The results indicate that P-limitation supports a higher content of defensive PIs and may indirectly foster cyanobacterial blooms by increasing the negative interference of cyanobacteria with their consumers.

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Diagnostic Fragmentation Filtering for Cyanopeptolin Detection

McDonald

Renaud

Pick

et al. 2021

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Cyanobacteria are ubiquitous photosynthetic prokaryotes that produce structurally diverse bioactive metabolites. Although microcystins are extensively studied, other cyanopeptides produced by common bloom-forming species have received little attention. Cyanopeptolins are a large cyanopeptide group that contain a characteristic 3-amino-6-hydroxy-2piperidone (Ahp) moiety. In the present study we used diagnostic fragmentation filtering (DFF), a semitargeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) product ion filtering approach, to investigate cyanopeptolin diversity from 5 Microcystis strains and 4 bloom samples collected from lakes in Ontario and Quebec, Canada. Data processing by DFF was used to search MS/MS data sets for pairs of diagnostic product ions corresponding to cyanopeptolin partial sequences. For example, diagnostic product ions at m/z 150.0912 and 215.1183 identified cyanopeptolins with the NMe-Tyr-Phe-Ahp partial sequence. Forty-eight different cyanopeptolins, including 35 new variants, were detected from studied strains and bloom samples. Different cyanopeptolin profiles were identified from each sample. We detected a new compound, cyanopeptolin 1143, from a bloom and elucidated its planar structure from subsequent targeted MS/MS experiments. Diagnostic fragmentation filtering is a rapid, easy-to-perform postacquisition metabolomics strategy for inferring structural features and prioritizing new compounds for further study and dereplication. More work on cyanopeptolin occurrence and toxicity is needed because their concentrations in freshwater lakes after blooms can be similar to those of microcystins.

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Analysis of cyanobacterial metabolites in surface and raw drinking waters reveals more than microcystin

Cited by 67 publications

References 61 publications

High Levels of Anabaenopeptins Detected in a Cyanobacteria Bloom from N.E. Spanish Sau-Susqueda-El Pasteral Reservoirs System by LC–HRMS

High Levels of Anabaenopeptins Detected in a Cyanobacteria Bloom from N.E. Spanish Sau-Susqueda-El Pasteral Reservoirs System by LC–HRMS

Phosphate Limitation Increases Content of Protease Inhibitors in the Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa

Diagnostic Fragmentation Filtering for Cyanopeptolin Detection

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