Analysis of calpastatin and сallipyge genes polymorphism in Prydniprovska meat sheep

Abstract

Aim. To study calpastatin (CAST) and сallipyge (CLPG) genes polymorphism in Prydniprovska meat sheep. Methods. The studies were conducted using PCR-RFLP method. DNA was isolated from 47 animals. The amplicons were treated with restriction endonucleases MspI and FaqI for genes CAST and CLPG, respectively. Results. The study determined the polymorphism of CAST gene fragment. Two alleles – M (336, 286 b.p.) and N (622 b.p.) with the frequency of 0.83 and 0.17, respectively, were detected. The frequency of genotypes was as follows: ММ – 0.77, MN – 0.13 and NN – 0.10. There was a noted tendency towards the increase in live bodyweight of 4-month-old lambs, carriers of N allele (genotypes NN and MN), compared to the index for the lambs of the same age with genotype MM. Locus CLPG was monomorphic, only allele A was determined (278, 117 and 31 b.p.). Allele G with the mutation, manifested in muscle hypertrophy phenotype, was not detected, all the animals under investigation had genotype AA. Conclusions. CAST gene polymorphism was deter- mined in Prydniprovska meat sheep during our work. The tendency towards the increase in live bodyweight of 90-day-old lambs, carriers of allele N, was established which demonstrated promising perspectives of further studies on associations of this gene and meat qualities of Prydniprovska meat sheep. The obtained results on the monomorphic nature of locus CLPG and the absence of mutation, related to muscle hypertrophy phenotype, demonstrated that the mutation of this gene may be built into the genome of domestic breeds of sheep only via cross-breeding with foreign breeds, in which this trait is manifested.

Polymorphism of CAST gene in five sheep breeds in Bulgaria

“…At Tuvan short fat-tailed sheep breed three genotypes -MM, MN and NN, with similar frequency distribution have been identified (80.39%, 17.65% and 1.96% in steppe type and 77.00%, 22.00% and 1.00% in the mountain type, respectively) [5]. At the Prydniprovska meat sheep also have been reported the three genotypes, for MM the frequency is 0.77, for MN -0.13 and for NN -0.10 [22]. These three genotypes were also found in the CAST locus at the colombian creole sheep, the MM genotype was the most frequent (83.9%), followed by the other genotypes -MN (15.5%) and NN (6.0%) [23].…”

Insights into the influence of diet and genetics on feed efficiency and meat production in sheep

“…According to Pomitun et al. ( 2019 ), mutations in the CAST gene was found to be polymorphic with two alleles M and N with frequencies 0.83 and 0.17 respectively, and lambs with N allele had an increased live body weight (Table 3 ). Yilmaz et al.…”

“…Molecular genetics in animal research has facilitated the identification of several genes directly or indirectly associated with FE and production traits (Pomitun et al., 2019 ) including glis family zinc finger 1, leptin receptor, triadin and retinoic acid receptor (Arce‐Recinos et al., 2021 ). Callipyge ( CLPG ), CAST , and myostatin ( MSTN ) genes (Table 2 ) are among the most studied with their expression and interaction been shown to affect growth performance, carcass attributes such as carcass weight and meat quality traits including meat tenderness (Arce‐Recinos et al., 2021 ; Bagatoli et al., 2013 ).…”

“…Mutations in CAST gene that increase CAST activity or its production result in a decrease in calpain activity which further results in a reduction in normal skeletal development. Additionally, mutations that increase CAST activity or its synthesis also lead to reduced postmortem proteolysis of myofibril proteins which are essential components of muscle tissue, and their breakdown after death is a crucial process that affects the quality of meat (Pomitun et al., 2019 ). In a previous study on beef steers, CAST activity was found to be higher in feed‐efficient animals compared to feed‐inefficient animals, and the meat was more tender (Blank et al., 2017 ).…”

“…However, only few studies have addressed the subject in sheep so far, and thus taking into consideration critical economic aspects, a relationship between quantitative features characterizing sheep FE, carcass quality, meat quality, and CAST polymorphism need to be further explored. According to Pomitun et al (2019), mutations in the CAST gene was found to be polymorphic with two alleles M and N with frequencies 0.83 and 0.17 respectively, and lambs with N allele had an increased live body weight (Table 3). Yilmaz et al (2014) discovered a mutation in the CAST gene that was linked to back-fat thickness and skin + back-fat thickness of the loin eye area, as well as ADG.…”