Analyse critique de la pratique réflexive en sciences infirmières

Abstract

La pratique réflexive est une phase non linéaire incontournable de la démarche de soin qui fait appel à différents savoirs. Les étudiantes en sciences infirmières sont encouragées à y recourir afin de dispenser de soins de qualité aux patients, à leur famille et à la population. Toutefois, cette pratique devrait être considérée dans son contexte sociopolitique afin de prendre en compte les mécanismes de pouvoir ainsi que son potentiel d’assujettissement des corps des infirmières. Une analyse critique foucaldienne du concept de pratique réflexive permet de rendre visible des théories et pratiques pédagogiques assujettissantes lorsque l’aveu est privilégié au détriment d’une réflexion critique essentielle à la pratique infirmière. Elle interroge l’assujettissement des femmes au travers de modèles théoriques valorisant le ressenti aux dépends de d’autres types de savoirs. Le concept de pratique réflexive comporte un paradoxe : il appelle à la critique et à la libération, mais contient également des potentiels assujettissants.

The Relational Virtual Nursing Practice Model: A Web-Based Nursing Intervention

“…This discussion paper builds on the authors’ experiences as nurse-researchers and is supported by nursing theories, that is, the McGill model of nursing (Allen, 1977, 1999; Gottlieb & Rowat, 1987; Kravitz & Frey, 1989) and the theory of nursing (Allen, 1977, 1999; Gottlieb & Rowat, 1987; Kravitz & Frey, 1989; Swanson, 1991), as well as cross-disciplinary theoretical work on relational engagement (Richard et al, 2017) and on complexity theory ( Richard et al, 2012). These theoretical underpinnings provided a framework to interpret and make explicit the relational connections.…”

“…A conceptualization of nursing practice as a complex system (Richard et al, 2012) is the basis of the VIH-TAVIE TM relational model of nursing practice. Relational nursing practice is defined as the interactive combination of people (nurse, patient, extended care team, and social support networks), values and knowledge, nursing care, real-time and virtual environments, and the broader systems of social norms and representations around HIV.…”

“…Relational nursing practice is defined as the interactive combination of people (nurse, patient, extended care team, and social support networks), values and knowledge, nursing care, real-time and virtual environments, and the broader systems of social norms and representations around HIV. This conceptualization fosters a view of the relational facet of nursing practice as being more than the nurse–patient relationship, going on to include a range of other components and processes that shape the ways in which nursing practice unfolds, evolves, and generates change (Richard et al, 2012).…”

“…These questions raised particular awareness of the interactions between the people involved in the intervention, the nursing values and knowledge, and the intervention content, as well as the unique space-time dynamics of the web-based environment of VIH-TAVIE TM (Richard et al, 2012). Fundamental to the analytical approach, these questions also allowed the authors to integrate knowledge from various sources: theoretical and conceptual nursing knowledge (Gottlieb & Rowat, 1987; Kravitz & Frey, 1989; Swanson, 1991), theoretical works on relational engagement (Richard et al, 2017) and on nursing practice conceptualized as complex systems (Richard et al, 2012), as well as experiential knowledge from the research team and the people living with HIV who took part in VIH-TAVIE TM . Secondary analysis of qualitative data (Côté et al, 2015) was undertaken to explore participants’ relational experiences of the web-based tailored nursing intervention, with a particular focus on their interactions with the virtual nurse.…”