A. IntroductionNatural silk is one of the most easily available centres of the silk fabric trade and is a very useful non-timber forest product (NTFP) resource (Harbi et al., 2015). The people of South Sulawesi are very familiar with the natural wealth of the region in the form of natural silk. Almost all natural silk processors still conduct conventional processing on a small scale with a subsystem pattern, although South Sulawesi continues to be the largest natural silk producer in Indonesia (Nurhaedah & Bisjoe, 2013). Natural silk has long been part of the cultural life of rural communities in South Sulawesi (Ramli et al., 2023). Rural communities are still cultivating silkworms, which have been around for a long time and this is used as clothing in cultural events such as weddings and traditional ceremonies in the form of silk sarongs (Iwang & Sudirman, 2020). Producing silk cloth from silk thread has a unique meaning, important lessons, and high cultural value.Known as the main centre of natural silk in Indonesia, this area is mainly located in South Sulawesi, especially in Wajo District and Soppeng District. Social forestry in South Sulawesi focuses on adaptive attitudes, sustainability, independence, cooperation, partnerships, crosssectoral integration, and a gradual and sustainable approach (Pratama et al., 2019). Wajo and Soppeng districts are famous for their natural silk trade. Silk has been produced for generations in the South Sulawesi region, especially in Wajo, through part-time businesses, households, and medium-sized weaving industries (Qaiyimah et al., 2022). However, silk fabric production in Wajo has declined, which has impacted market demand. The weaving industry began to flourish again in the 1990s when imports of raw materials were allowed again, and the market regenerated (Djabar & Utiarahman, 2019). However, due to poor production and marketing, natural silk management declined. This is due to changes in silkworm seed quality and low seed supply, which makes the selling price of silk cloth very different from the market price (Soetriono Abstract South Sulawesi is still the largest producer of natural silk in Indonesia, although processing is still conventional. It is becoming an important trading centre and an important non-timber forest product resource. This type of research is quantitative research, the data sources used are primary data and secondary data, with a population of silkworm-rearing farmers located in Salojampu Village, Wajo Regency and Pising Village, Soppeng Regency. The results showed that silkworm farming in Salojampu Village, Wajo Regency, had the smallest income of Rp 183,667 per production cycle, while Pising Village, Soppeng Regency, had the largest income of Rp 311,333 per production cycle. Both farmer groups earned a total of IDR 495,000, with an average total income of IDR 247,500 per silkworm production cycle.