Análise espacial da Tuberculose no Rio de Janeiro no período de 2005 a 2008 e fatores socioeconômicos associados utilizando microdado e modelos de regressão espaciais globais

Abstract

The present study analyses the spatial pattern of tuberculosis (TB) from 2005 to 2008 by identifying relevant socioeconomic variables for the occurrence of the disease through spatial statistical models. This ecological study was performed in Rio de Janeiro using new cases. The census sector was used as the unit of analysis. Incidence rates were calculated, and the Local Empirical Bayesian method was used. The spatial autocorrelation was verified with Moran's Index and local indicators of spatial association (LISA). Using Spearman's test, variables with significant correlation at 5% were used in the models. In the classic multivariate regression model, the variables that fitted better to the model were proportion of head of family with an income between 1 and 2 minimum wages, proportion of illiterate people, proportion of households with people living alone and mean income of the head of family. These variables were inserted in the Spatial Lag and Spatial Error models, and the results were compared. The former exhibited the best parameters: R2 = 0.3215, Log-Likelihood = -9228, Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) = 18,468 and Schwarz Bayesian Criterion (SBC) = 18,512. The statistical methods were effective in the identification of spatial patterns and in the definition of determinants of the disease providing a view of the heterogeneity in space, allowing actions aimed more at specific populations.

Spatial pattern and temporal trend of mortality due to tuberculosis

“…As a result of applying this method, a weighted average was obtained between the gross rate of the neighborhoods and taking the regional rate of the closest neighbors for reference. This rate considered the population density and the local mean rate, starting from a spatial proximity matrix 14 . Terraview version 4.2.2 was used to calculate the smoothed rates.…”

Análise Temporal da Incidência de Hanseníase e suas Reações em uma Região Hiperendêmica

“…O presente estudo colabora com a literatura por demonstrar o perfil epidemiológico de uma região hiperendêmica de hanseníase. Por se tratar de uma região hiperendêmica, estudos epidemiológicos são de suma importância para guiar políticas públicas direcionadas à região, Research, Society and Development, v. 9, n. 10, e8559109145, 2020 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.9145 como demonstrado por autores anteriormente (Duarte-Cunha et al, 2015;Magalhães & Medronho, 2017). A análise desses fatores epidemiológicos como idade e sexo auxilia profissionais da área de saúde a investigar e direcionar a abordagem dos casos, utilizando de forma responsável os recursos destinados a contenção e tratamento da doença.…”

“…Outrossim, o entendimento das relações entre o tempo, o espaço e o indivíduo que adoece fornece elementos para construção de uma cadeia lógica e explicativa dos problemas territoriais, que podem nortear ações específicas criando subsídios para tomada de decisões (Magalhães & Medronho, 2017;Monteiro et al, 2015;Murto et al, 2014;Neri & Soares, 2002;Travassos et al, 2000).…”

A tuberculose e seus fatores associados em um município da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro

“…At the individual level, there would be associated behavioral variables, such as alcohol and drug use, nutritional status and co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 6 . At the collective level, the occurrence of the disease is understood through the process of social reproduction and organization of urban space [7][8][9] .…”