Anaesthesia and portosystemic shunt ligation in the feline patient

Day, Sarah Louise

doi:10.1111/vnj.12084

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Methadone 0.1 -0.2 mg/kg intramuscularly (IM) or IV as premedication provides intraoperative as well as postoperative analgesia (Tonge, 2021). Remifentanyl 5 -40 µg/kg/h IV or fentanyl 5 -8 µg/kg/h IV should be administered as a constant rate infusion during surgery (Day, 2013;Self, 2016). If sedation with an opioid alone is not sufficient, a low dose of medetomidine 0.5-3 µg/kg IM or dexmedetomidine 0.5 -1.5 µg/kg IV or IM can be administered.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Propofol or alfaxalone are commonly used for IV induction of anaesthesia (Self, 2016). Maintenance of anaesthesia with isoflurane or sevoflurane reduces the risk of potential drug accumulation (Day, 2013;Self, 2016). Isoflurane or sevoflurane can cause dose-dependent hypotension (Bernard et al, 1992).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Isoflurane or sevoflurane can cause dose-dependent hypotension (Bernard et al, 1992). During anaesthesia, IV Ringer's lactate should be administered at a rate of 3 ml/kg/h (Davis et al, 2013), and in the event of hypotension, a bolus of hydroxyethyl starch (3 ml/kg) should be administered and repeated after 15 minutes if needed (Day, 2013). Monitoring during anaesthesia is important to assess depth of anaesthesia and cardiorespiratory function.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Monitoring during anaesthesia is important to assess depth of anaesthesia and cardiorespiratory function. This includes pulse oximetry, end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration, isoflurane concentration, non-invasive arterial blood pressure measurement with Doppler, electrocardiogram, and temperature (Day, 2013). It is also important to monitor palpebral reflexes, eye position, pulse rate and quality, and respiratory rate and depth (Tonge, 2021).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Portosystemic Shunts in Cats

Erjavec¹,

Lukanc²

2023

Socratic Lectures 8

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The portosystemic shunt (PSS) is an abnormal communicating vessel between the portal and systemic vasculature. The liver is underdeveloped due to decreased blood flow. The PSS may be congenital (intrahepatic or congenital) or acquired (extrahepatic). Ammonia and intestinal toxins are not cleared in the liver, causing various clinical signs of hepatic encephalopathy. Medical treatment is aimed at minimising clinical signs and stabilising the cat prior to surgical treatment. Surgical treatment is currently the method of choice; however, the best method of occluding the shunts has yet to be found. Surgical treatment involves complete ligation of the shunt in cases where the portal vasculature is adequately developed, but more commonly the surgery aims to occlude the shunt gradually with a cellophane banding or ameroid ring. The cellophane may not produce the same fibrotic response as in dogs, so clinical signs often improve, but the cat still requires medication. In general, the prognosis after surgery in cats is not as good as in dogs. Keywords: Portosystemic shunt; Cats; Neurological signs; Seizures, Cellophane banding

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Portosystemic Shunts in Cats

Erjavec¹,

Lukanc²

2023

Socratic Lectures 8

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Portosystemic shunts in canines – an overview

Bedford

2017

Veterinary Nursing Journal

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Socratic Lectures 8

2023

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To date, several cardiotropic viruses have been implicated as causes of myocarditis. The most detected are parvovirus B19, and human herpes virus 6. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are the respiratory viruses that have recently triggered the unprecedented pandemic process. The involvement and impact of these viruses in viral cardiovascular disease are under study. Despite extensive research into the pathological mechanisms of viral infections of the cardiovascular system, our knowledge regarding their treatment and management is still incomplete. A condition caused by post-Co rona Virus Disease (COVID-19) myocarditis seems to have distinct inflammatory characteristics. Many kinds of arrhythmias may occur in patients with post-COVID-19 myocarditis and result in arrhythmogenic cardio-myopathy and sudden cardiac death. Sometimes arrhythmia can be the first and only symptom of myocarditis. However, compared to the other clinical presentations, arrhythmic myocarditis has been poorly described in the literature. The increased risk of arrhythmias in patients with a post-COVID-19 period is most likely a consequence of systemic inflammation and diseases, not just a direct consequence of the viral infection. A decrease in heart rate variability can contribute to electrical instability of the myocardium and the occurrence of arrhythmias. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and endomyocardial biopsy are the most useful tests for myocarditis. However, different from the other clinical presentations, arrhythmic myocarditis requires specific diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic considerations. This review aims to critically summarize the state of the art on myocarditis presenting with arrhythmias in terms of epidemiology, aetiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

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Anaesthesia and portosystemic shunt ligation in the feline patient

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Portosystemic Shunts in Cats

Portosystemic Shunts in Cats

Portosystemic shunts in canines – an overview

Socratic Lectures 8

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