An X-Band Class-J Power Amplifier With Active Load Modulation to Boost Drain Efficiency

Alizadeh, Amirreza; Hassanzadehyamchi, Saleh; Medi, Ali; Kiaei, S.

doi:10.1109/tcsi.2020.2991184

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Finally, the improved performance parameters of the proposed Class-J PA with L-type input and π-type output matching networks are compared with similar Class-J PAs in the literature. [30][31][32][33][34] As these PAs were designed at different frequencies and technologies, it is difficult to compare their performances. However, it can be noted that the Class-J PA design is proposed with a compact transmission line-based output matching network (OMN) in 30 that uses the same transistor technology (GaN) of this work to obtain broadband and highly efficient amplification and achieves a maximum drain efficiency of 75%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the gain of this PA is high compared to our work, as it is designed as a multistage PA. A Class-J PA designed for X-Band is presented in. 33 It uses the active load modulation technique, facilitates the PA's integrated implementation by eliminating the doubler and filter networks of conventional Class-J2 PAs, and achieves a drain efficiency of 71% and a PAE of 50%. However, the broad B.W.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An enhanced broadband class-J mode power amplifier for 5G smart meter applications

et al. 2021

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Background: With the tremendous increase in the usage of smart meters for industrial/ household purposes, their implementation is considered a crucial challenge in the Internet of Things (IoT) world, leading to a demand for emerging 5G technology. In addition, a large amount of data has to be communicated by smart meters efficiently, which needs a significant enhancement in bandwidth. The power amplifier (PA) plays a major role in deciding the efficiency and bandwidth of the entire communication system. Among the various modes of PAs, a newly developed Class-J mode PA has been proven to achieve high efficiency over a wide bandwidth by maintaining linearity. Methods: This paper proposes a Class-J mode PA design methodology using a CGH40010F-GaN device that operates at a 3.5 GHz frequency to meet the requirements of 5G wireless communication technology for the replacement of existing 4G/LTE technology used for advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) in smart grids. This research's main objective is to design the proper matching networks (M.Ns) to achieve Class-J mode operation that satisfies the bandwidth requirements of 5G smart grid applications. With the target impedances obtained using the load-pull simulation, lumped element matching networks are analyzed and designed in 3 ways using the ADS EDA tool. Results: The simulation results reveal that the proposed Class-J PA provides a maximum drain efficiency (D.E) of 82%, power added efficiency (PAE) of 67% with 13 dB small-signal gain at 3.5 GHz, and output power of 40 dBm (41.4 dBm peak) with a power gain of approximately 7 dB over a bandwidth of approximately 400 MHz with a 28 V power supply into a 50 Ω load. Conclusion: The efficiency and bandwidth of the proposed Class-J PA can be enhanced further by fine-tuning the matching network design to make it more suitable for 5G smart meter/grid applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An enhanced broadband class-J mode power amplifier for 5G smart meter applications

et al. 2021

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“…Ref [19] 2017 [32] 2018 [33] 2020 [34] Although it is di cult to compare the performance of the PA of this work with the recent similar PAs due to their different design frequencies and technologies, it is worth noting that a 2-stack structure-based CMOS class-J PA with 3.5GHz centre frequency presented in [19] delivers a max Pout of 22dBm.Compared to this, the PA of our work based on GaN transistor delivers a max Pout of 41dBm without any stacked structure due to its high-power handling capability. A 5GHz integrated class-J PA designed for WLAN 802.11ax applications using GaN technology presented in [32] delivers almost same performance metrics like 55% maximum PAE and 38dbM power output.…”

Section: Table 3 Performance Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Multistage Class-AB/J Power Amplifier for 5G Smart grid’s Advanced Metering Infrastructure Applications

Sridhar

Senthilpari

Roslee

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The wireless communication networks for Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) / smart metering applications of a smart grid are in need of emerging 5G technology for providing a significant enhancement in bandwidth (BW) to support a large amount of data transmission between the Meter data management system (MDMS) of operation centre and smart meters efficiently. The entire wireless communication network’s BW and efficiency mainly depend on its Power Amplifier (PA). The design of PA that can provide high efficiency with linearity over a wide BW is essential to meet the 5G wireless communication network requirements of AMI / smart metering applications. This paper presents the design methodology of a two-stage PA that operates at a 3.5 GHz centre frequency by utilizing the CGH40010F model GaN transistor. This PA employs a Class-J mode for the power stage that will be driven by a Class-AB mode to achieve high efficiency with improved power gain over desired BW. The matching Networks(M.Ns) of the proposed two-stage PA are designed with the idea to replace its passive lumped inductors with active inductors, based on the desired optimum impedance values obtained from the load-pull techniques utilizing the ADS EDA tool. The proposed two-stage PA delivers a power output of 41dBm with 21 dB of power gain over a BW around 400 MHz, a maximum Power Added Efficiency (PAE ) of 53% and maximum drain efficiency (D.E) of 54% with a small signal gain of 27dB at 3.5GHz using 28V power supply into 50 Ω load.

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“…The performance of this PA can be enhanced further by employing DPD. A Class-J PA designed for X-Band is presented in [18], uses the Active Load Modulation technique, and facilitates the PA's integrated implementation by eliminating the doubler and filter networks of conventional class-J2 Pas, and achieves High drain-efficiency. But the broad BW is not achieved due to harmonic tuners.…”

Section: Brief Review Of Switching Mode Pas and Theory Of Class-j Power Amplifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low power, Highly Efficient, Linear, Enhanced wideband Class-J mode Power Amplifier for 5G Applications

Sridhar¹,

Senthilpari²,

Mardeni³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In wireless communication networks, the necessity for high-speed data rates has increased in emerging 5G application areas. The existing Power amplifier (PA) topologies reported to date demonstrated their potential in achieving desired Power Added Efficiency (PAE) and linearity with the aid of different efficiency enhancement and linearization techniques. However, these harmonically tuned switching power amplifiers are restricted to narrow bandwidth, which makes them less appealing for broadband applications. Therefore, the challenge of designing a power amplifier with improved efficiency by maintaining linearity for a dynamic range of bandwidth becomes increasingly critical for PA designers. Recently developed class-J PA topology has proven its potential to obtain good efficiency while maintaining the linearity for wide bandwidth applications. This research work presents a methodology to design a 5 GHz Class-J mode PA topology using Silterra 0.13-µm CMOS technology. This research's main objectives are to determine the Ropt of the transistor and design a proper Output Matching Network (OMN) to obtain Class-J PA operation to make it suitable for 5G wireless applications. The simulation results represent that the proposed Class-J PA provides 27 dBm of maximum power output along with a maximum large-signal power gain of 13.8 dB and the small-signal gain of 17dB for a band with more than 500MHz with a 5V power supply into a 50- Ω load.

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An X-Band Class-J Power Amplifier With Active Load Modulation to Boost Drain Efficiency

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

An enhanced broadband class-J mode power amplifier for 5G smart meter applications

An enhanced broadband class-J mode power amplifier for 5G smart meter applications

Design of Multistage Class-AB/J Power Amplifier for 5G Smart grid’s Advanced Metering Infrastructure Applications

A Low power, Highly Efficient, Linear, Enhanced wideband Class-J mode Power Amplifier for 5G Applications

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