An Update on Resistance Genes and Their Use in the Development of Leaf Rust Resistant Cultivars in Wheat

Kumar, Kuldeep; Jan, Irfat; Saripalli, Gautam; Sharma, Pradeep; Mir, Reyazul Rouf; Balyan, H. S.; Gupta, P. K.

doi:10.3389/fgene.2022.816057

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…Over 200 resistance genes to fungal rusts have been genetically identified with the majority conferring race-specific resistance (McIntosh et al, 1995;McIntosh et al, 2013;McIntosh et al, 2017). So far in wheat, more than 100, 80 and 66 genes for resistance against leaf rust, stripe rust, and stem rust respectively, have already been identified and designated globally, and are distributed on all the 21 wheat chromosomes (McIntosh et al, 2017;Hafeez et al, 2021;Jan et al, 2021;Kumar et al, 2022). More than 100 leaf rust resistance genes (~50% derived from wild progenitor and non-progenitor species) have been identified, and only eleven of these have been cloned so far, including Lr1 (Cloutier et al, 2007), Lr9 ), Lr10 (Feuillet et al, 2003, Lr13 (Hewitt et al, 2021;Yan et al, 2021), Lr14a (Kolodziej et al, 2021), Lr21 (Huang et al, 2003), Lr22a (Thind et al, 2017), Lr34/Yr18/Sr57 (Krattinger et al, 2009), Lr42 (Lin et al, 2022), Lr58 , and Lr67/ Yr46/Sr55 (Moore et al, 2015) (Table 1).…”

Section: Genetics Of Wheat Resistance To Rustsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More than 100, 80 and 66 resistance genes have been found for wheat leaf rust, stripe rust, and stem rust, respectively, with the bulk of them having been already mapped on wheat chromosomes using DNA markers (McIntosh et al, 2017;Hafeez et al, 2021;Kumar et al, 2022;Yu et al, 2022). Flor proposed a gene-to-gene relationship for each resistance gene using the Linum-Melampsora host-pathogen approach (Flor, 1955).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Harnessing genetic resistance to rusts in wheat and integrated rust management methods to develop more durable resistant cultivars

Mapuranga

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Wheat is one of the most important staple foods on earth. Leaf rust, stem rust and stripe rust, caused by Puccini triticina, Puccinia f. sp. graminis and Puccinia f. sp. striiformis, respectively, continue to threaten wheat production worldwide. Utilization of resistant cultivars is the most effective and chemical-free strategy to control rust diseases. Convectional and molecular biology techniques identified more than 200 resistance genes and their associated markers from common wheat and wheat wild relatives, which can be used by breeders in resistance breeding programmes. However, there is continuous emergence of new races of rust pathogens with novel degrees of virulence, thus rendering wheat resistance genes ineffective. An integration of genomic selection, genome editing, molecular breeding and marker-assisted selection, and phenotypic evaluations is required in developing high quality wheat varieties with resistance to multiple pathogens. Although host genotype resistance and application of fungicides are the most generally utilized approaches for controlling wheat rusts, effective agronomic methods are required to reduce disease management costs and increase wheat production sustainability. This review gives a critical overview of the current knowledge of rust resistance, particularly race-specific and non-race specific resistance, the role of pathogenesis-related proteins, non-coding RNAs, and transcription factors in rust resistance, and the molecular basis of interactions between wheat and rust pathogens. It will also discuss the new advances on how integrated rust management methods can assist in developing more durable resistant cultivars in these pathosystems.

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Section: Genetics Of Wheat Resistance To Rustsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing genetic resistance to rusts in wheat and integrated rust management methods to develop more durable resistant cultivars

Mapuranga

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Previous studies on QTL mapping and GWAS for rust resistance in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat have identified a large number of QTLs and MTAs [ 75 ] ( Table 9 ), in addition to 80 Lr and 60 Sr genes, which have already been confirmed [ 22 ]. In this study, using a collection of 193 tetraploid wheat accessions harvested in Kazakhstan, 38 QTLs both for LR and SR resistances were identified in the seedling (greenhouse) and adult (KAES, North Kazakhstan) plant growth stages ( Table 7 and Table 8 and Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Genome-Wide Association Study of Leaf Rust and Stem Rust Seedling and Adult Resistances in Tetraploid Wheat Accessions Harvested in Kazakhstan

Genievskaya

Pecchioni

Laidò

et al. 2022

Plants

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Leaf rust (LR) and stem rust (SR) are diseases increasingly impacting wheat production worldwide. Fungal pathogens producing rust diseases in wheat may cause yield losses of up to 50–60%. One of the most effective methods for preventing such losses is the development of resistant cultivars with high yield potential. This goal can be achieved through complex breeding studies, including the identification of key genetic factors controlling rust disease resistance. The objective of this study was to identify sources of tetraploid wheat resistance to LR and SR races, both at the seedling growth stage in the greenhouse and at the adult plant stage in field experiments, under the conditions of the North Kazakhstan region. A panel consisting of 193 tetraploid wheat accessions was used in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with LR and SR resistance, using 16,425 polymorphic single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in the seedling and adult stages of plant development. The investigated panel consisted of seven tetraploid subspecies (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum, ssp. turanicum, ssp. turgidum, ssp. polonicum, ssp. carthlicum, ssp. dicoccum, and ssp. dicoccoides). The GWAS, based on the phenotypic evaluation of the tetraploid collection’s reaction to the two rust species at the seedling (in the greenhouse) and adult (in the field) stages, revealed 38 QTLs (p < 0.001), comprising 17 for LR resistance and 21 for SR resistance. Ten QTLs were associated with the reaction to LR at the seedling stage, while six QTLs were at the adult plant stage and one QTL was at both the seedling and adult stages. Eleven QTLs were associated with SR response at the seedling stage, while nine QTLs were at the adult plant stage and one QTL was at both the seedling and adult stages. A comparison of these results with previous LR and SR studies indicated that 11 of the 38 QTLs are presumably novel loci. The QTLs identified in this work can potentially be used for marker-assisted selection of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat for the breeding of new LR- and SR-resistant cultivars.

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“…Some of these genes are derived from monococcum wheat such as SrTm4 A m , Sr20, Sr21, Sr22b (Sr2+Fhb1 rec), Sr23, Sr35, Sr60, SrTm5, and some of these resistance genes are derived from durum wheat (Triticum turgidum) such as Sr2, Sr9e, Sr9g, Sr12, Sr14, Sr17, Sr63; similarly, some genes are derived from hexaploidy wheat of different cultivars such as Sr2, Sr5, Sr6, Sr7a, Sr7b, Sr8a, Sr8b, Sr9a, Sr9b, Sr9d, and some of resistance genes are derived from wild species such as Secale cereal, T. comosa, Aegilops speltoides, Triticum timopheevii ssp. Araraticum, Aegilops tauschii, inopyrum intermedium, rye cultivar, Aegilops searsii, Dasypyrum villosum, Aegilops geniculate such as Sr27, Sr34, Sr32, Sr33, Sr47, Sr53, and whole information is given in Table S1 [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. be found almost anywhere wheat is farmed, and causes severe yield and economic losses [20].…”

Section: Black Stem Rust Known Gene (Puccinia Graminis Pers F Sp Trit...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the resistance genes are derived from monoccocum wheat such as Lr50, Lr63, Lr80, LrX, and LrTM16 in different chromosomal loci [48]. Some of these genes are race-specific adult plant resistance types, some are seedling resistance types, some are all-stage resistance types, and some are field resistance types which categories are shown in Table S2 [26,.…”

Section: Black Stem Rust Known Gene (Puccinia Graminis Pers F Sp Trit...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Major Rust Resistance Gene and Amino Acid Changes on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L)

Basnet

Juliana

Bhattarai

et al. 2022

Advances in Agriculture

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Wheat ranks first in the production and productivity of staple cereal crops in the world. Several diseases, including Stripe (Puccinia striiformis f. Sp. tritici), Black (Puccinia graminis f. Sp. tritici), and Brown (Puccinia recondita), have a major negative impact on wheat output, with 20 to 80% loss annually. Growing rust-resistant varieties is the most durable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly way to combat rust pathogens. In the present review, we provide updated information on all black stem rust, yellow leaf rust, and brown leaf rust resistance genes including chromosomal position, those derived from different sources, nature of resistance type, and amino acid changes done by this gene against rust pathogen. This study summarized the 68 black stem rust, 101 leaf rust, and 108 stripe rust resistance genes from diverse cultivars of wheat and wheat primary and secondary gene pools. This review will be valuable to wheat breeders in cloning rust-resistant genes and developing leaf as well as stem rust-resistant wheat cultivars using gene pyramiding as well as frequency multiplication through introgression of the gene of interest for disease-free, sustainable grain production of wheat. The success of pyramiding genes from other sources to bread wheat depends on the nature of germplasm, the gap between flanking marker and targeted genes, the selection of genotypes in each generation, large number of gentoyes large genotype-environment interaction, etc., which is the future area of study.

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An Update on Resistance Genes and Their Use in the Development of Leaf Rust Resistant Cultivars in Wheat

Cited by 34 publications

References 146 publications

Harnessing genetic resistance to rusts in wheat and integrated rust management methods to develop more durable resistant cultivars

Harnessing genetic resistance to rusts in wheat and integrated rust management methods to develop more durable resistant cultivars

Genome-Wide Association Study of Leaf Rust and Stem Rust Seedling and Adult Resistances in Tetraploid Wheat Accessions Harvested in Kazakhstan

A Review on Major Rust Resistance Gene and Amino Acid Changes on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L)

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