An Unusual Cause of Cystolithiasis: A Migrant Intrauterine Device

Abstract

A woman is described in whom an intrauterine device eroded through the bladder wall, causing calculus formation and chronic infection.

Migration of intrauterine copper 7 leading to vesical calculus

“…Bow and steel ring type IUCDs have been associated with uterine perforation 5-10 times more frequently than perforations reported with loop and spiral devices. The relatively high perforation rate associated with the Dalkon shield, approximately 2-3 per 1,000 insertions, is thought to be related to it's design, requiring extreme care at the time of insertion, especially in the postabortal and post-partum periods [3]. In the present case also the Cu-7 was inserted just after D&E.…”

An Unusual Presentation of a Foreign Body in the Urinary Bladder: A Migrant Intrauterine Device

“…Perforation of the uterus by an IUD is seen in 0.4-6.7‰ of the IUDs applied to women [5]. The complication rate may vary by the type of the IUD, timing of insertion, manual dexterity and the experience of the perform-…”

“…The complication rate may vary by the type of the IUD, timing of insertion, manual dexterity and the experience of the perform- er and uterine anatomy [5]. In the literature, the rate of uterine perforation and migration are reported to be more common with Lippes Loop and Dalkon shield-type IUDs [1,5].…”

“…Open surgery (laparotomy [5], cystolitotomy [1,3,7,9]) and endoscopic surgery (cystolithopaxy [8][9][10]) are the different treatment modalities applied for migrated IUDs. Preference of a simple technique with less trauma should be the basic principle [2].…”

“…The etiology of foreign bodies in the bladder may be classified as follows: insertion of a foreign body by the person him/ herself (for purposes of masturbation, curiosity, psychiatric/senile) [2]; iatrogenic (penetration during surgery of the urinary tract, uterus, vagina and rectum [2][3][4], and migration [2,5]. These foreign bodies act as a nidus for stone formation in the bladder [3,5].Perforation of the uterus by an IUD is seen in 0.4-6.7‰ of the IUDs applied to women [5]. The complication rate may vary by the type of the IUD, timing of insertion, manual dexterity and the experience of the perform-…”