An under-gate triode structure field emission display with carbon nanotube emitters

Shapes of emitter surface in field emission display

“…These emitting materials provide planar field emitters on the macroscopic level though they are individually protruding emitters with substructural geometries on the microscopic level. In particular, carbon nanotubes [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] used as the flat emitter in field emission displays has opened the possibility for low-cost manufacturing and stable emission sources. Triode-type structures in field emission displays are required to fulfill the full gray-scale imaging, fast responses for moving pictures and low driving voltages.…”

“…There are several triode-type structures in FED, such as under-gate [21,22], lateral gate [23], and over-gate (normal-gate) [18,24] depending on the altitude of the gate electrode on the base of the cathode electrode. In under-gate structure, the gate electrodes are under the cathode, on the opposite side of the anode.…”

Simulation Study of a Field Emission Triode Structure Using Carbon-Nanotube Emitters

“…The main drawbacks of the diode structure are very high switching voltage and a small gap between anode and cathode plates, which limits the pumping rate of residue gas. Recently, several papers have reported developing triode structures using CNTs [10]- [13]. The most straightforward triode structure using CNTs consists of three sets of electrodes.…”

“…The threshold voltages are approximately 70-80 V. However, one of the main concerns is the unwanted electron emission from the edge of the device under high anode voltage. Although large area array has been demonstrated, the cost of overall fabrication process, as well as the switching voltage, is still quite high [13]. In order to integrate CNTs in a low-cost triode structure, we have studied a self-aligned gated triode structure using a field simulation tool.…”

High voltage microelectromechanical systems platform for fully integrated, on-chip, vacuum electronic devices

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10] In 2001, Hong et al reported a CNT-based triode that utilized a phosphor and indium-tin-oxide coated glass plate as the anode. 5 They used a metal mesh as the gate, and the triode design resulted in most of the field emission current being captured by the gate.…”