An ultrafast water transport forward osmosis membrane: porous graphene

Gai, Jing‐Gang; Gong, Xiaolei; Wang, Weiwei; Zhang, Xin; Kang, Wu-Li

doi:10.1039/c3ta14256f

Cited by 125 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Classical MD simulations could help to validate or invalidate this hypothesis. Another emerging application for NPG membranes is in Forward Osmosis (FO), another desalination method whose performance is arguably even more limited by membrane permeability than RO [119] and where recent work based on MD simulations suggests that such membranes could offer benefits over existing FO membranes [120]. Computational research at the engineering-scale could also help design new approaches for ultrafiltration/nanofiltration (UF/NF) using graphene with larger pores (N 1 nm) than for RO.…”

Section: Discussion and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoporous graphene as a reverse osmosis membrane: Recent insights from theory and simulation

2015

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We review recent progress in the computational study of graphene as an RO membrane.• We introduce graphene and current knowledge about its mass transport properties. • We examine six key mechanisms that govern salt rejection in graphene. • Molecular dynamics have played a dominant role in the study of graphene membranes. • We suggest a greater role for quantumlevel simulations and macroscale computation.In this review, we examine the potential and the challenges of designing an ultrathin reverse osmosis (RO) membrane from graphene, focusing on the role of computational methods in designing, understanding, and optimizing the relationship between atomic structure and RO performance. In recent years, graphene has emerged as a promising material for improving the performance of RO. Beginning at the atomic scale and extending to the RO plant scale, we review applications of computational research that have explored the structure, properties and potential performance of nanoporous graphene in the context of RO desalination.

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Section: Discussion and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoporous graphene as a reverse osmosis membrane: Recent insights from theory and simulation

2015

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“…[13] Using functionalized GO with pore diameters around 11.7 Å, the water flux reached 28.1 l cm À2 h À1 ,which is about 1.8 × 10 4 times higher than that of the commercial AC membrane. [14] Nevertheless, there are unrevealed aspects concerning AC/GO composite materials in conjunction with phase inversion methods for the development of new polymer membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of cellulose triacetate/graphene oxide porous membrane

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Voicu

et al. 2015

Polym. Adv. Technol.

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Cellulose triacetate (AC)/graphene oxide (GO) porous membranes were successfully fabricated by combining ultrasonication and phase inversion method. The structures and morphologies of the resultant composite membranes were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Microscopic and X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that GO sheets were uniformly dispersed within the AC matrix. The pore size and structure were modulated by changing GO concentration from 0.25 to 1 wt%. Membrane thermal properties were also studied. Among all tested membranes, the most favorable GO amount was 1 wt%, giving Td 3% of 274°C, which represents a 22°C enhancement compared with AC. Conversely, the membranes showed improved barrier properties against water and ethanol. The decrease of both ethanol and water fluxes was assigned to the stabilization of composite membrane structure, as a result of GO progressive addition. Bovine serum albumin rejection assay indicated an increasing from 78% in the case of CA membrane to 99% in the case of CA/GO 1 wt% of the rejection degree after 90 min.

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“…4,[9][10][11] Ideally, graphene would contain only uniformly-sized pores at high density, but intrinsic defects from the growth process and extrinsic defects from graphene transfer [12][13][14] form leakage pathways that make practical realization of graphene membranes extremely challenging. Despite remarkable advances including high-density pore creation, 13 gas selectivity across micrometer-sized graphene, 15 and membranes with large (>5 nm)…”

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confidence: 99%

Nanofiltration across Defect-Sealed Nanoporous Monolayer Graphene

et al. 2015

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Monolayer nanoporous graphene represents an ideal membrane for molecular separations, but its practical realization is impeded by leakage through defects in the ultrathin graphene. Here, we report a multiscale leakage− sealing process that exploits the nonpolar nature and impermeability of pristine graphene to selectively block defects, resulting in a centimeter-scale membrane that can separate two fluid reservoirs by an atomically thin layer of graphene. After introducing subnanometer pores in graphene, the membrane exhibited rejection of multivalent ions and small molecules and water flux consistent with prior molecular dynamics simulations. The results indicate the feasibility of constructing defect-tolerant monolayer graphene membranes for nanofiltration, desalination, and other separation processes.

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An ultrafast water transport forward osmosis membrane: porous graphene

Cited by 125 publications

References 56 publications

Nanoporous graphene as a reverse osmosis membrane: Recent insights from theory and simulation

Nanoporous graphene as a reverse osmosis membrane: Recent insights from theory and simulation

Fabrication of cellulose triacetate/graphene oxide porous membrane

Nanofiltration across Defect-Sealed Nanoporous Monolayer Graphene

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