An overview on mastitis-associated Escherichia coli: Pathogenicity, host immunity and the use of alternative therapies

Zaatout, Nawel

doi:10.1016/j.micres.2021.126960

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 253 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Chemotactic factors, especially IL-8, recruit neutrophils from the bloodstream that function as phagocytes at the site of infection in the alveoli ( Zaatout, 2022 ; Figure 1E ). The efficiency of neutrophils’ diapedesis and phagocytosis directly influence the evolution of the local inflammatory process and the severity of mastitis ( Elazar et al, 2010 ; Roussel et al, 2017 ; Bassel and Caswell, 2018 ).…”

Section: Host Immune Response To Escherichia Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Challenges

Goulart

Mellata

2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the udder tissue parenchyma that causes pathological changes in the glandular tissue and abnormalities in milk leading to significant economic losses to the dairy industry across the world. Mammary pathogenic Escherichia (E.) coli (MPEC) is one of the main etiologic agents of acute clinical mastitis in dairy cattle. MPEC strains have virulence attributes to resist the host innate defenses and thrive in the mammary gland environment. The association between specific virulence factors of MPEC with the severity of mastitis in cattle is not fully understood. Furthermore, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics to treat mastitis has resulted in antimicrobial resistance to all major antibiotic classes in MPEC. A thorough understanding of MPEC’s pathogenesis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is required to develop better interventions to reduce mastitis incidence and prevalence in cattle and the environment. This review compiles important information on mastitis caused by MPEC (e.g., types of mastitis, host immune response, diagnosis, treatment, and control of the disease) as well as the current knowledge on MPEC virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance, and the dilemma of MPEC as a new pathotype. The information provided in this review is critical to identifying gaps in knowledge that will guide future studies to better design diagnostic, prevent, and develop therapeutic interventions for this significant dairy disease.

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Section: Host Immune Response To Escherichia Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Challenges

Goulart

Mellata

2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Rainard reported that the J5 immune serum was not an improvement on the already high efficiency of naturally acquired antibodies to E. coli ( 40 ). However, the safety and effectiveness of the J5 vaccine in dairy cows has not been reported clearly ( 41 ). In this research, BALB/c mice were used to evaluate the safety at three to four times the immunization dose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of the waaF Subunit and DNA Vaccine Against Escherichia coli in Cow Mastitis and Preliminary Study on Their Immunogenicity

et al. 2022

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Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the major pathogenic bacteria in bovine mastitis, which usually triggers systemic symptoms by releasing lipopolysaccharide (LPS). waaF is the core in LPS pathogenicity. In this study, a new waaF vaccine candidate was identified, constructed with the pcDNA3.1 (+)HisB-waaF plasmid to create to a DNA vaccine (pcwaaF), and transfected into MCF-7 cells to produce recombinant waaF subunit vaccine (rwaaF). After that, the safety of the two vaccine candidates was evaluated in mouse model. Immunogenicity and mortality of challenged mice were compared in 20 and 40 μg per dose, respectively. The results showed that rwaaF and pcwaaF were successfully constructed and the complete blood count and serum biochemical indicated that both of the vaccine candidates were safe (p > 0.05). In addition, histopathological staining showed no obvious pathological changes. The immune response induced by rwaaF was significantly higher than that of pcwaaF (p < 0.01), indicated by levels of serum concentration of IgG IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ, and feces concentration of sIgA. Survival rates of mice in rwaaF groups (both 80%) were also higher than in the pcwaaF groups (40 and 50%, respectively). Comparing the safety, immunogenicity, and E. coli challenge of two vaccine candidates, rwaaF had the better effect and 20 μg rwaaF was more economical. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the utility of a new E. coli vaccine and provides a rationale for further investigation of bovine mastitis therapy and management.

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“…Mastitis is a common disease in buffalos that seriously affects milk production and animal health, causing enormous economic loss (23). However, multiple factors, including pathogen infection, unclean environment, nutritional deficiency, and stress reaction, cause mastitis to be difficult to control (23)(24)(25). A gut microbial community containing trillions of microorganisms has been demonstrated to be a complex and interactive ecosystem that participates in the positive regulation of host metabolism and health (22,26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Bacteria-Fungi Diversity Analysis Reveals the Gut Microbial Changes in Buffalo With Mastitis

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The gut microbial community is closely related to mastitis, but studies regarding the influences of mastitis on gut microbiota in buffalo remain scarce. Herein, we characterized the differences in gut bacterial and fungal communities between mastitis-affected and healthy buffalos. Interestingly, although mastitis had no effect on gut bacterial and fungal diversities in the buffalos, some bacterial and fungal taxa were significantly altered. Bacterial and fungal taxonomic analysis showed that the preponderant bacterial phyla (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes) and fungal phyla (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) in buffalo were the same regardless of health status. At the level of genus, the changes in some gut bacterial and fungal abundances between both groups were gradually observed. Compared with healthy buffalos, the proportions of 3 bacterial genera (uncultured_bacterium_f_Muribaculaceae, Eubacterium_nodatum_group, and Lachnoclostridium_10) and 1 fungal genus (Pichia) in the mastitis-affected buffalo were significantly increased, whereas 4 bacterial genera (Ruminococcus_2, Candidatus_Stoquefichus, Turicibacter, and Cellulosilyticum) and 4 fungal genera (Cladosporium, Thermothelomyces, Ganoderma and Aspergillus) were significantly decreased. Taken together, this research revealed that there was significant difference in the compositions of the gut microbial community between the healthy and mastitis-affected buffalos. To our knowledge, this is the first insight into the characteristics of the gut microbiota in buffalos with mastitis, which is beneficial to understand the gut microbial information of buffalo in different health states and elucidate the pathogenesis of mastitis from the gut microbial perspective.

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An overview on mastitis-associated Escherichia coli: Pathogenicity, host immunity and the use of alternative therapies

Cited by 35 publications

References 253 publications

Escherichia coli Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Challenges

Escherichia coli Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Challenges

Construction of the waaF Subunit and DNA Vaccine Against Escherichia coli in Cow Mastitis and Preliminary Study on Their Immunogenicity

Integrated Bacteria-Fungi Diversity Analysis Reveals the Gut Microbial Changes in Buffalo With Mastitis

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