“…There are several other modern strategies like selection of high yielding resistant varieties, sterile male technique by irradiation or genetically engineered pests in management of respective pest species in the field as alternate management process with several constrains and limitations (Mobarak et al, 2020;Roy, 2019Roy, , 2020Roy, , 2021 [62,[77][78][79] . But unfortunately, even today, growers use all the management techniques injudiciously for even a single pest observation without considering any economic threshold levels (ETLs) limit or irrespective of pest population growth rate which always create ecological imbalance (Dutta and Roy, 2016; Jeevanandham et al, 2020) [38,52] . These result into secondary pest outbreak, pest resurgence, development of pesticide resistance and emergence of new pest biotypes, which ultimately leads regulatory complications in the agro ecosystem (Carvalho, 2017;Dutta and Roy, 2018;Mobarak et al, 2020) [18,39,62] .…”