An overview of integration opportunities for sustainable bioethanol production from first- and second-generation sugar-based feedstocks

Ayodele, Bamidele Victor; Alsaffar, May Ali; Mustapa, Siti Indati

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118857

Cited by 166 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…The first generation biofuel is a matured technology and is used widely 50 . However, the use of edible feedstocks as the production of biofuel has resulted in a serious debate on food security and opposed the second SDG.…”

Section: First Generation Biofuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of the four generations of biofuels – A review

et al. 2020

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Biofuel has emerged as an alternative source of energy to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and combat global warming. Biofuels are classified into first, second, third and fourth generations. Each of the biofuel generations aims to meet the global energy demand while minimizing environmental impacts. Sustainability is defined as meeting the needs of the current generations without jeopardizing the needs of future generations. The aim of sustainability is to ensure continuous growth of the economy while protecting the environment and societal needs. Thus, this paper aims to evaluate the sustainability of these four generations of biofuels. The objectives are to compare the production of biofuel, the net greenhouse gases emissions, and energy efficiency. This study is important in providing information for the policymakers and researchers in the decision-making for the future development of green energy. Each of the biofuel generations shows different benefits and drawbacks. From this study, we conclude that the first generation biofuel has the highest biofuel production and energy efficiency, but is less effective in meeting the goal of reducing the greenhouse gases emission. The third generation biofuel shows the lowest net greenhouse gases emissions, allowing the reduction of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. However, the energy required for the processing of the third generation biofuel is higher and, this makes it less environmentally friendly as fossil fuels are used to generate electricity. The third and fourth generation feedstocks are the potential sustainable source for the future production of biofuel. However, more studies need to be done to find an alternative low cost for biofuel production while increasing energy efficiency.

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Section: First Generation Biofuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of the four generations of biofuels – A review

et al. 2020

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“…Bioethanol production has passed through several technological advancements, which have increased its global production capacity [99,100]. Most of the commercial bioethanol production plants depend on sugar and starch-based feedstocks, such as corn in the USA [101]; sugarcane in Brazil [102]; and wheat, sugar beet, and barley in Europe [103]. First-generation bioethanol is generally produced using starch or sugar-based crops such as barley, sugarcane, corn, wheat, and sweet sorghum through a simple fermentation of sugar extracted.…”

Section: Technical and Environmental Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the successes recorded globally in commercializing 1G bioethanol, it is still facing some constraints such as food versus fuel debate (use of land suitable for food production for bioenergy crop production; sugar is also considered as human food), high cost of feedstock, high impact on the environment except for sugarcane bioethanol, negative impact on biodiversity and competition with scarce water resources in some regions. These constraints have stimulated intensive research in the bioethanol production from alternative feedstocks such as lignocellulosic biomass, also known as 2G bioethanol production [103].…”

Section: Technical and Environmental Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several alternatives such as (i) stand-alone 1G and 2G processes; (ii) 1G with combined heat and power; (iii) stand-alone 2G ethanol production from co-fermentation of xylose and glucose sugars derived from hydrolysis of pretreated biomass; (iv) stand-alone 2G ethanol production from fermentation of only glucose sugars with the option of biogas production from the xylose sugars, integrated 1G-2G process using all the bagasse for ethanol production; (v) integrated 1G-2G process using part of the bagasse as fuel in the boiler for electricity generation; and (vi) flexible 1G-2G process producing both bioethanol and electricity were investigated. Amongst the different scenarios considered, integrated 1G-2G processes using all the sugars for ethanol production has the best economic performance [103].…”

Section: Technical and Environmental Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The efficiency, flexibility, profitability, and sustainability of the bioethanol and GVL production from sugar-based feedstock can be enhanced using process integration strategies. Several production strategies were developed to obtain a cost-effective process production [103,105], and one of the most important is process integration (heat/energy and mMass integration) [109]. Table 4 shows some improvements obtained through process integration.…”

Section: Technical and Environmental Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomass Waste as Sustainable Raw Material for Energy and Fuels

et al. 2021

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Sustainable development is the common goal of the current concepts of bioeconomy and circular economy. In this sense, the biorefineries platforms are a strategic factor to increase the bioeconomy in the economic balance. The incorporation of renewable sources to produce fuels, chemicals, and energy, includes sustainability, reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG), and creating more manufacturing jobs fostering the advancement of regional and social systems by implementing the comprehensive use of available biomass, due to its low costs and high availability. This paper describes the emerging biorefinery strategies to produce fuels (bio-ethanol and γ-valerolactone) and energy (pellets and steam), compared with the currently established biorefineries designed for fuels, pellets, and steam. The focus is on the state of the art of biofuels and energy production and environmental factors, as well as a discussion about the main conversion technologies, production strategies, and barriers. Through the implementation of biorefineries platforms and the evaluation of low environmental impact technologies and processes, new sustainable production strategies for biofuels and energy can be established, making these biobased industries into more competitive alternatives, and improving the economy of the current value chains.

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