An Overview of Gut Microbiota and Colon Diseases with a Focus on Adenomatous Colon Polyps

Pop, Oana Lelia; Vodnar, Dan Cristian; Diaconeasa, Zorița; Istrati, Magdalena; Bințințan, Adriana; Bințințan, Vasile; Suharoschi, Ramona; Gabbianelli, Rosita

doi:10.3390/ijms21197359

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…In this study, the richness of gut microbiota in the normal colorectal mucosa and polyps was significantly higher than in faeces, which was inconsistent with the results of some studies ( Pop et al., 2020 ; Zhou et al., 2021 ). Accumulating studies have explored the gut microbiota in individuals and identified a wide range of different bacterial groups associated with carcinogenesis, including Bacteroides, Fusobacterium , Escherichia and Streptococcus ( Mangifesta et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota signatures in tissues of the colorectal polyp and normal colorectal mucosa, and faeces

Zhong

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundColorectal polyps are the most common precursors of colorectal cancer (CRC). The close relationship has been observed between colorectal polyps and gut microbiota. However, gut microbiota signatures among sampling sites in patients with colorectal polyps and healthy adults remain elusive.AimsTo learn about gut microbiota signatures in tissues of the colorectal polyp and normal colorectal mucosa, and faeces.MethodsWe performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatic analysis for the microbiota in the normal colorectal mucosa, the colorectal polyps and faeces of adults with colorectal polyps (n = 24) and in faeces and normal mucosa of healthy adults (n = 16) in this preliminary trial.ResultsThe Ace and Chao indexes were higher in the normal colorectal mucosa and polyp tissues compared to faecal samples (P < 0.05). The composition of microbiota based on PCoA and ANOSIM analysis showed the significant differences only between faeces and tissues of the normal mucosa and polyp (P < 0.05). Based on the LEfSe analysis, the abundances of Bacteroides, Prevotella-2 and Agathobacter were higher, whereas the abundances of Haemophilus, Escherichia_Shigella, Fusobacterium and Streptococcus were lower in faeces both in patients with colorectal polyp and healthy individuals, compared with those in the normal mucosa in two groups or polyp tissues. In healthy individuals, the abundance of Fusobacterium was significantly higher in the normal colorectal mucosa than in faeces. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the abundance of Fusobacterium between the normal colorectal mucosa and polyps in patients with colorectal polyps, but it was significantly higher in the mucosa and polyps than in faeces. Remarkably, the abundance of Fusobacterium in the normal colorectal mucosa was significantly higher in healthy individuals than in the polyp group.ConclusionsThe microbial structure in faeces differs from that in tissues of polyp and normal mucusa. Additionally, Fusobacterium may be a normal colonizer in colonic mucosa, and an abnormal increase of Fusobacterium detected in faeces may be related with the injury of the colorectal mucosa. The difference of the faecal microbiota and mucosal microbiota should be carefully considered in studies on gut microbiota in patients with colorectal lesions.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota signatures in tissues of the colorectal polyp and normal colorectal mucosa, and faeces

Zhong

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…It is not surprising that the intestinal microbiome, the barrier that mediates between our environment and our genes, has been seen as a main cause of many diseases, such as colon cancer, diabetes, obesity, and the development of autoimmune diseases ( Imhann et al, 2018 ; Sethi et al, 2018 ; Olsson et al, 2020 ). Direct or indirect interventions to regulate disease progression by affecting the intestinal microbiome, through strategies such as faecal transplantation, drugs and diet, have become a hot new topic of research ( Bauer et al, 2018 ; Huang F. et al, 2019 ; Pop et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardized Astragalus Mongholicus Bunge-Curcuma Aromatica Salisb. Extract Efficiently Suppresses Colon Cancer Progression Through Gut Microbiota Modification in CT26-Bearing Mice

Sun

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Altered gut microbiota and a damaged colon mucosal barrier have been implicated in the development of colon cancer. Astragalus mongholicus Bunge-Curcuma aromatica Salisb. (ACE) is a common herbal drug pair that widely used clinically to treat cancer. However, whether the anti-cancer effect of ACE is related to gut microbiota remains unclear yet. We standardized ACE and investigated the effects of ACE on tumour suppression and analyze the related mechanisms on gut microbiota in CT26 colon cancer-bearing mice in the present study. Firstly, four flavonoids (calycosin-7-glucoside, ononin, calycosin, formononetin) and three astragalosides (astragaloside A, astragaloside II, astragaloside I) riched in Astragalus mongholicus Bunge, three curcumins (bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, curcumin) and four essential oils (curdione, curzerene, germacrone and β-elemene) from Curcuma aromatica Salisb., in concentrations from 0.08 to 2.07 mg/g, were examined in ACE. Then the results in vivo studies indicated that ACE inhibited solid tumours, liver and spleen metastases of colon cancer while simultaneously reducing pathological tissue damage. Additionally, ACE regulated gut microbiota dysbiosis and the short chain fatty acid content in the gut, repaired intestinal barrier damage. ACE treatment suppressed the overgrowth of conditional pathogenic gut bacteria, including Escherichia-Shigella, Streptococcus and Enterococcus, while the probiotic gut microbiota like Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 and Mucispirillum were increased. More interestingly, the content level of SCFAs such as propionic acid and butyric acid was increased after ACE administration, which further mediates intestinal SDF-1/CXCR4 signalling pathway to repair the integrity of the intestinal barrier, decrease Cyclin D1 and C-myc expressions, eventually suppress the tumor the growth and metastasis of colon cancer. To sum up, the present study demonstrated that ACE could efficiently suppress colon cancer progression through gut microbiota modification, which may provide a new explanation of the mechanism of ACE against colon cancer.

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“…Ieni A, Branca G, Parisi A, (2015) in patients over 72 years of age, a distinctive morphological sign of malignancy is associated with an increase in neutrophil infiltration, although the true mechanism of this process is also unclear [20].…”

Section: R E S U L T S a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Tissue Eosinophils in the Structure of Gastri C Polyps

Reva¹,

Yamamoto²,

Zvyagintsev³

et al. 2021

ArveMED

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A study of the diagnostic value of tissue eosinophil infiltration in the structure of polyps of the human gastrointestinal tract and surrounding tissues was carried out. We investigated intestinal biopsies from 189 patients aged 40–90 years with polyps, cancer, metastases. This retrospective study allows us to note the possibility of using eosinophils in the development of criteria for early malignancy and a promising outcome of neoplasms in the mucous membrane. Eosinophils are important players in intercellular interactions within the polyp structure and the tissues around it. The complete absence of eosinophils in the tissue of malignant polyps indicates the malignancy of the neoplasm. We revealed relationship between apoptosis and eosinophilic infiltration; both of them affect the outcome and prognosis of polyp development. Apoptosis induction by eosinophils and programmed cambium necrosis in tumor progression need to be further researched.

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An Overview of Gut Microbiota and Colon Diseases with a Focus on Adenomatous Colon Polyps

Cited by 15 publications

References 159 publications

Gut microbiota signatures in tissues of the colorectal polyp and normal colorectal mucosa, and faeces

Gut microbiota signatures in tissues of the colorectal polyp and normal colorectal mucosa, and faeces

Standardized Astragalus Mongholicus Bunge-Curcuma Aromatica Salisb. Extract Efficiently Suppresses Colon Cancer Progression Through Gut Microbiota Modification in CT26-Bearing Mice

Analysis of Tissue Eosinophils in the Structure of Gastri C Polyps

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