An overview of dry-wet climate variability among monsoon-westerly regions and the monsoon northernmost marginal active zone in China

Qian, Weihong; Ding, Tao; Hu, Haoran; Lin, Xiaopei; Qin, An

doi:10.1007/s00376-009-8213-5

Cited by 73 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…For the Yellow River, the Liao River, the Songhua River, and the northwestern rivers, terrestrial evaporation has a larger contribution to precipitation for the whole year. Particularly for the northwestern rivers, oceanic evaporation exhibits a small contribution for the whole year, due to the dominant effect of westerly wind (Qian et al, 2009;van der Ent et al, 2010). Through the analysis of the source of precipitation over China, this study obtains the following results: the mean annual precipitation over China is 737 mm; 318 mm of the precipitation originates from oceanic evaporation, accounting for 43%; and 420 mm is from terrestrial evaporation, accounting for 57%.…”

Section: Sources Of Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Figure 3 highlights the effects of the EAM and the westerly wind. These two atmospheric circulation patterns are influenced by the Tibetan Plateau (Ding and Chan, 2005;Qian et al, 2009).…”

Section: Source Of Atmospheric Moisturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the whole, the annual mean atmospheric moisture over China is 13.7 mm, of which 39% originates from the ocean and 61% from land. Atmospheric moisture exhibits the highest value in South and East China, known as the East Asian Monsoon Region (Ding and Chan, 2005;Qian et al, 2009), including the Pearl River, southeastern rivers, and the Yangtze and Huai Rivers. Oceanic evaporation contributes up to 50% of the atmospheric moisture in this region.…”

Section: Source Of Atmospheric Moisturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Source of atmospheric moisture and precipitation over China’s major river basins

Zhao

et al. 2015

Front. Earth Sci.

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Oceanic evaporation via the East Asian Monsoon (EAM) has been regarded as the major source of precipitation over China, but a recent study estimated that terrestrial evaporation might contribute up to 80% of the precipitation in the country. To explain the contradiction, this study presents a comprehensive analysis of the contribution of oceanic and terrestrial evaporation to atmospheric moisture and precipitation in China's major river basins. The results show that from 1980 to 2010, the mean annual atmospheric moisture (precipitable water) over China was 13.7 mm, 39% of which originates from oceanic evaporation and 61% from terrestrial evaporation. The mean annual precipitation was 737 mm, 43% of which originates from oceanic evaporation and 57% from terrestrial evaporation. Oceanic evaporation makes a greater contribution to atmospheric moisture and precipitation in the East Asian Monsoon Region in South and East China than terrestrial evaporation does. Particularly, for the Pearl River and southeastern rivers, oceanic evaporation contributes approximately 65% of annual precipitation and more than 70% of summer precipitation. Meanwhile, terrestrial evaporation contributes more precipitation in northwest China due to the westerly wind. For the northwestern rivers, terrestrial evaporation from the Eurasian continents contributes more than 70% of precipitation. There is a linear relation between mean annual precipitation and the contribution of oceanic evaporation to precipitation, with a correlation coefficient of 0.92, among the ten major river basins in China.

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Section: Sources Of Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Figure 3 highlights the effects of the EAM and the westerly wind. These two atmospheric circulation patterns are influenced by the Tibetan Plateau (Ding and Chan, 2005;Qian et al, 2009).…”

Section: Source Of Atmospheric Moisturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Source Of Atmospheric Moisturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Source of atmospheric moisture and precipitation over China’s major river basins

Zhao

et al. 2015

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…In East China, approximately 110°E, the rainfall gradually extends northward with the season and is influenced by southeasterly monsoon flow coming from the South China Sea and the tropical west Pacific. Along the longitude of the East China Sea, the southerly monsoon rainfall is mixed with the westerly precipitation in the Northeast China region (Qian et al 2009). The variability of strength and onset and termination times of this large-scale circulation may affect convective activities that determine the intensity and frequency of rainfall events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifractal analysis of the drought area in seven large regions of China from 1961 to 2012

Hou

Feng

Yan

et al. 2017

Meteorol Atmos Phys

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Based on a monthly drought index, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), we investigate the multifractality of monthly drought areas in seven major regions in China from 1961 to 2012 using multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis. The results show that multifractality is evident in the monthly time series for all seven regions, but its strength varies between areas. From the numerical results, we further examine the stationarity and persistence of the time series in the seven drought areas. The characteristics of the variance of big and small fluctuations are also analyzed. The characteristics of multifractal spectra are used to distinguish the features of the singularity of all the data, as well as the large and small fluctuations and the spread of the changes of fractal patterns, and so on, in the monthly drought area time series for the different regions. Finally, we investigate the possible source(s) of multifractality in the drought series by random shuffling as well as surrogating the original series for each region.

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“…The absolute criterion of 4 mm·day −1 was used in our previous summer monsoon studies and compared with 5 mm·day −1 and 6 mm·day −1 thresholds from regions of the South China Sea (SCS) (Qian and Yang 2000), East Asia (Qian et al 2002a), South Asia (Qian and Zhu 2002), Asia-Australia (Tang and Qian 2009), to the global monsoon (Qian and Tang 2010), as well as to identify the northernmost boundary of East Asian summer monsoon (Hu and Qian 2007;Qian et al 2007;Qian et al 2009). From these studies, we noted that the absolute criterion of 4 mm·day −1 can be used in the tropical monsoon definition such as the climatic rapid onset of the central SCS summer monsoon with the precipitation rate from 2 mm·day −1 in April to more than 6 mm·day −1 in middle May and also used in the identification and interannual-interdecadal studies of subtropical monsoon in northern China and even in Australia in the SH.…”

Section: Datasets and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The global monsoon definition using the difference of local minimum and maximum pentad precipitation rates associated with cross-equatorial flow reversal

Qian

Jiang

2015

Theor Appl Climatol

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Since most previous attempts to establish monsoon indices have been limited to specific regions, they have lacked the applicability to universally describe the global monsoon domain. In this paper, we first review the history of global monsoon study and then identify the climatology of global precipitation associated with major systems of the atmospheric general circulation. A new index, based on the annual and semiannual harmonic precipitation rate difference between two local calendar maximal and minimal precipitation pentads, is used to identify the global monsoon domain focusing on where experienced and what caused the climatic dry-wet alteration. The global monsoon domain is defined by the regions where two pentad-mean precipitation difference exceeds 4 mm·day −1 , which is also influenced by the low-level prevailing wind reversal associated with the cross-equatorial flow. This definition not only confirmed previous results of the classical global monsoon domain from the tropical Africa to Asia-Australia and nonclassical monsoon region in the tropical America but also solved an issue of missing local summer monsoon spots.

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An overview of dry-wet climate variability among monsoon-westerly regions and the monsoon northernmost marginal active zone in China

Cited by 73 publications

References 32 publications

Source of atmospheric moisture and precipitation over China’s major river basins

Source of atmospheric moisture and precipitation over China’s major river basins

Multifractal analysis of the drought area in seven large regions of China from 1961 to 2012

The global monsoon definition using the difference of local minimum and maximum pentad precipitation rates associated with cross-equatorial flow reversal

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