An Outbreak ofSalmonellaSerotype Saintpaul in a Children's Hospital

Abstract

Formula mixed by the hospital appears to have been the source of this Salmonella outbreak. Strict sanitation measures must be ensured in formula preparation and delivery, and bacterial pathogens should be included in the differential diagnosis for nosocomial gastroenteritis.

Incidence of Cronobacter sakazakii in Powdered Infant Formula Milk Available in Malaysia

“…and Salmonella are in the first category (category A) due to the clear evidence of illness in infants such as systemic infection, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and severe diarrhea. Salmonella contamination of infant formula has been responsible for multiple outbreaks (Bornemann et al 2002;Olsen et al 2001). Similar to Cronobacter, low-level intrinsic contamination of powdered infant formula with Salmonella was epidemiologically and microbiologically associated with infections in infants in these outbreaks.…”

Nosocomial outbreak of Pantoea agglomerans in a pediatric urgent care center

“…Outbreaks in hospital are of special concern, not only due to the increased susceptibility of the patients to infections and complications [11], but also because of the additional burden placed on health care resources and the potential disruption of hospital services [12].…”

Historical outbreak of Salmonella hadar

“…39 Direct spread when handling babies and persistence on fomites may be an important factor in nosocomial transmission. 1,22 Previously documented culprits have included formula feeds, 19,40 milk bottle warmers, 14 suction apparatus, 41 delivery room resuscitators, 13 wash basins, 42 rectal thermometers, 20 thermometer holders, 43 incubator mattresses, 44 soiled laundry 45,46 and the hospital water supply, 16 and these were all considered in the present investigation. The most common source is often the mother of a case, which appears to be the means by which S. hadar was introduced to the study unit.…”