An optimised placement of the hard quality sensors for a robust monitoring of the chlorine concentration in drinking water distribution systems

Łangowski, Rafał; Brdyś, Mietek A.

doi:10.1016/j.jprocont.2018.04.007

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Most of the research has focused on deriving the methodologies and algorithms that a presumptive contamination of water would be detected as soon as possible. In recent years, the interest in the methods for determining the location of water quality monitoring stations based on the measurement of free chlorine concentration (chlorine residuals) has also appeared [29]. Chlorine is the most commonly used disinfectant in the world because of its comparatively low price, effectiveness in killing bacteria, and chemical stability in water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractal-Heuristic Method of Water Quality Sensor Locations in Water Supply Network

Kowalska

Kowalski

Hołota

2020

Water

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The article presents a new methodology for the selection of the water quality monitoring sensor locations using the water quality model created by means of the EPANET 2.0 software (United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Durham, NC, USA). The model represents the propagation of free chlorine in a water supply network, in conjunction with the heuristic method, applying the elements of fractal geometry. In the first stage, a subarea is determined, while in the second, a specific node for the location of the measuring point is indicated. The process of determining the location is based on a ranking method, in which the usefulness of individual subareas and measuring nodes is determined by means of a formula taking into account the amount of water intake, the required level of water supply and the effects of a lack of water supply, as well as the calculated concentration of free chlorine. The application of the method requires the construction and calibration of a numerical model of free chlorine decay in the network, as well as the knowledge on the location of the objects of particular importance for the network users. The proposed method will be applied in an existing water supply network of approximately 50,000 recipients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractal-Heuristic Method of Water Quality Sensor Locations in Water Supply Network

Kowalska

Kowalski

Hołota

2020

Water

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“…Monitoring of water quality characteristics is often limited to a few important parameters, considered critical indicators. The most commonly monitored water quality parameter is residual chlorine . There have been several studies conducted on the chlorine and characteristics of its decay throughout the WDS .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Water Quality on the Spatiotemporal Susceptibility of Water Distribution Systems

Mortula

Ali

Sadiq

et al. 2019

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Maintaining water quality in distribution systems is crucial for ensuring safety of water supply. The distribution infrastructure is typically buried underground and it is often difficult to assess the condition of the system. In case of breakage of underground pipe network, external agents, like microorganisms may ingress into the distribution system which then react with residual disinfectant (chlorine) and result in faster decay. Understanding the chlorine decay is critical to ensuring the acceptable condition of the water distribution infrastructure. The objective of this study is to assess the spatiotemporal susceptibility of a water distribution network based on water quality variations. GIS based residual chlorine decay, temperature, and Langelier saturation index (LSI) profiles for the entire water distribution network are created using inverse distance weighting technique. Hotspot analysis is conducted to identify the vulnerable sections of the city's water distribution network based on residual chlorine. Spatial variations can not identify a consistent pattern of decay throughout the distribution system. However, some sections of the old part (North western) of the city show low residual chlorine levels compared to other locations. LSI values are negative in some source waters, leading to potential degradation of the distribution pipes. Temporal variations indicate that residual chlorine levels drop late summer and early fall. However, hotspot analysis identifies that some of the old part of Sharjah has consistently low residual chlorine levels, indicating considerable degradation of the distribution pipes.

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An Analysis of Observability and Detectability for Different Sets of Measured Outputs – CSTR Case Study

Czyżniewski

Łangowski

2022

Intelligent and Safe Computer Systems in Control and Diagnostics

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An optimised placement of the hard quality sensors for a robust monitoring of the chlorine concentration in drinking water distribution systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Fractal-Heuristic Method of Water Quality Sensor Locations in Water Supply Network

Fractal-Heuristic Method of Water Quality Sensor Locations in Water Supply Network

Impacts of Water Quality on the Spatiotemporal Susceptibility of Water Distribution Systems

An Analysis of Observability and Detectability for Different Sets of Measured Outputs – CSTR Case Study

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