An observational study of endocrine disorders in HIV infected patients from north India

Jain, Nityanand; Mittal, Madhukar; Himanshu, D; Verma, Shailendra; Gutch, Manish; Tripathi, Anil Kumar

doi:10.4103/2321-9157.116535

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Our study did not show any significant relationship between the duration of ART of the patients and gonadal dysfunctions which is consistent with a study by Jain et al 31 Rietschel et al, 21 Klein et al, 32 and also did not find any significant association between low androgen level with ART. But these findings cannot be assured as we did not compare the level of testosterone before the initiation of ART and while on ART.…”

Section: Association With Duration Of Artsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Hypogonadism Among Hiv Infected Males and Its Correlation With Cd4 Count

Ranabir¹,

Pongener²,

Premita³

et al. 2018

jebmh

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BACKGROUND After introduction of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART), the prevalence of hypogonadism among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected males is decreasing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study was undertaken at ART centre of a medical Institute. The study recruited HIV infected males aged 18 to 65 years receiving ART. Patients with any debilitating chronic illness, diabetes mellitus, chronic smokers or alcoholic, currently on opioids or methadone were excluded. Androgen deficiency in aging male (ADAM) questionnaire was used to screen patients for possible presence of hypogonadism. Patients underwent biochemical evaluation for serum total testosterone (TT), luteinising hormone (LH) and CD4 count. Chi-squared test was used to compare different parameters. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to assess any relationship between CD4 count, LH and testosterone. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS In the study 120 patients were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 41.61 years. The mean BMI of the patients was 22.47 kg/m2. The mean duration of ART was 6.13 years and mean CD4 count was 442.63 cells/mm3. Hypogonadism was seen in 20 (23.3%) and majority (85.7%) had secondary hypogonadism. There was significant association between hypogonadism and CD4 count but no association was found with body mass index (BMI) and duration of ART. CONCLUSION Hypogonadism is seen in 23.3% of HIV infected males. Majority (85.7%) had secondary hypogonadism. There was significant association of hypogonadism with lower CD4 count.

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Section: Association With Duration Of Artsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Crum-Cianflone et al, demonstrated a higher body mass index (BMI) were positively associated with hypogonadism. 22 In studies done by Meena et al, 12 and Jain et al, 31 the incidence of low testosterone was directly correlated with the body mass index. This may be because of the differences in BMI in the studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Hypogonadism Among Hiv Infected Males and Its Correlation With Cd4 Count

Ranabir¹,

Pongener²,

Premita³

et al. 2018

jebmh

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The reported prevalence by other authors were 17.6% by Brockmeyer et al .,[ 16 ] 6.6% by Beltran et al .,[ 17 ] 6% by Ketsamathi et al .,[ 15 ] 4% by Madge et al .,[ 12 ] 10.6% by Bongiovani et al .,[ 18 ] 30% by Meena et al .,[ 7 ] and 7% by Jain et al . [ 19 ] Prevalence of overt hypothyroidism in the current study was 3.45%. This was also similar to the observation made by other authors like 2.6% by Beltran et al .,[ 17 ] 1.5% by Ketsamathi et al .,[ 15 ] 2.5% by Madge et al .,[ 12 ] 10.66% by Meena et al .,[ 7 ] and 2% by Jain et al .,[ 19 ] and it may be due to increased risk of opportunistic infection which is an independent risk factor for decrease thyroid function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Endocrine alterations in HIV-infected patients

Trıpathy

Agrawala

Baliarsinha

2015

Indian J Endocr Metab

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Aims and objectives:To study the frequency of thyroid, adrenal and gonadal dysfunction in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients and to correlate them at different levels of CD4 cell counts.Materials and Methods:Forty-three HIV-positive cases were included in the study group. Cases were divided into three groups on the basis of CD4 cell count. Serum free T3, free T4, TSH, Cortisol, FSH, LH, testosterone and estradiol were estimated by the radioimmunoassay method. Hormone levels between cases were compared and their correlation with CD4 count was analyzed.Results:Prevalence of gonadal dysfunction (88.3%) was the most common endocrine dysfunction followed by thyroid (60.4%) and adrenal dysfunction (27.9%). Secondary hypogonadism (68.4%) was more common than primary (31.6%). Low T3 syndrome, that is, isolated low free T3, was the most common (25.6%) thyroid dysfunction followed by secondary hypothyroidism (16.2%) and subclinical hypothyroidism (11.6%). Adrenal excess (16.3%) was more common than adrenal insufficiency (11.6%). The difference in hormonal dysfunction between male and female was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). 27.9% of patients had multiple hormone deficiency. There was negligible or no correlation between CD4 count and serum hormone level.Conclusion:In our study, endocrine dysfunction was quite common among HIV-infected patients but there was no correlation between hormone levels and CD4 count. Endocrine dysfunctions and role of hormone replacement therapy in HIV-infected patient needs to be substantiated by large longitudinal study, so that it will help to reduce morbidity, improve quality of life.

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“…Only 2% patients had low TSH; however, their T4 and T3 values were within normal range. 5 Madge S et al study, overall 3584 samples were analysed. Of the patients included in the study, 1233 (79%) were male.…”

Section: Nirdeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Thyroid Dysfunction in Hiv Seropositive Patients

Ayyanna¹,

Neeralagi²

2019

jemds

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BACKGROUND There has been significant increase in the prevalence of HIV and with use of HAART there has been significant increase in the survival of HIV infected individuals, leading to increased detection of comorbid conditions associated with HIV. HIV infection can lead to involvement of various organs including endocrine glands. Among the endocrine disorders a high prevalence of abnormalities in thyroid function tests is reported. Thyroid functions may be altered in 10-15% of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study has been carried out in 100 patients diagnosed with HIV infection according to NACO guidelines fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria, getting admitted to the Department of General Medicine, KIMS, Hubli. The data was collected using pretested proforma meeting the objectives of the study. All patients were investigated for thyroid dysfunction by measuring serum TSH, total T3 and T4. RESULTS Among the 100 patients studied, mean age was 37.84±11.05 years, 50 were male. 22% had overt hypothyroidism, 16 (72.73%) males and 6 (27.27%) females. The thyroid function tests in 100 patients compared with CD4 count and the p value found to be 0.907 not statistically significant. Hence no correlation found between CD4 count with the thyroid dysfunction. CONCLUSION Thyroid function test abnormalities are common among HIV patients, particularly men, most common being overt hypothyroidism and no correlation noted with the CD4 count and hence with severity of HIV disease.

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An observational study of endocrine disorders in HIV infected patients from north India

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Hypogonadism Among Hiv Infected Males and Its Correlation With Cd4 Count

Hypogonadism Among Hiv Infected Males and Its Correlation With Cd4 Count

Endocrine alterations in HIV-infected patients

A Study of Thyroid Dysfunction in Hiv Seropositive Patients

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