An investigation on the relationship between grip, push and contact forces applied to a tool handle

Welcome, Daniel E.; Rakheja, Subhash; Dong, Ren G.; Wu, John Z.; Schopper, Aaron W.

doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2004.06.005

Cited by 79 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The major limitations of this method are that the adapter may change the hand-tool coupling relation, and that the pressure distribution cannot be measured. Wafer-thin, light, and flexible force pressure sensors can be wrapped around the tool handle 50,116,122) , incorporated into a work glove 77) , or distributed on the palm 78,123) . Electromyography (EMG) has been widely used for measuring hand forces in manual tasks 124,125) .…”

Section: Applied Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Biodynamics of Human Hand-Arm System

Dong

Welcome

2005

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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The biodynamics of human hand-arm system is one of the most important foundations for the measurement, evaluation, and risk assessment of hand-transmitted vibration (HTV) exposure. This paper presents a new conceptual model relating factors influencing cause-effect relationships for HTV exposure, a new study strategy, and a comprehensive review of the recent advances in the biodynamics closely associated with HTV exposure. The review covers the following five aspects: theoretical modeling of biodynamic responses, vibration transmissibility, driving-point biodynamic responses, evaluation of anti-vibration gloves, and applied forces. This review finds that some significant advances in each of these aspects have been achieved in the recent years. Several important issues and problems in the biodynamic measurement have been identified and resolved, which has significantly helped improve the reliability and accuracy of the experimental data. The results reported in recent years suggest that, from the point of view of biodynamics, the frequency weighting specified in ISO 5349-1 (2001) overestimates the low frequency effect but underestimates the high frequency effect on the fingers and hand. The major problems, issues, and topics for further studies are also outlined in this paper. It is anticipated that the further studies of the biodynamics of the system will eventually lead to establishment of a robust vibration exposure theory. Although this review focuses on the biodynamics of the hand-arm system, the fundamental concepts and some methodologies reviewed in this paper may also be applicable for the study of whole-body vibration exposure.

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Section: Applied Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few new instrumented handles have been developed 13,[115][116][117][118][119][120] . They are suitable for laboratory studies.…”

Section: Applied Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Biodynamics of Human Hand-Arm System

Dong

Welcome

2005

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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“…The applied force on such a handle is most frequently quantified by separately measuring the grip and push/pull forces 6-8, 14, 20) . Flexible pressure sensors can be used to measure the total contact force, and it can be used to calculate the grip and push/pull forces 5,7,8) . Similarly, the corresponding biodynamic forces can also be quantified in such a manner 14,20) .…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to help develop effective methods for measuring the coupling force on vibrating tools, an ISO standard on the definitions of the coupling force parameters and the general guidelines of their measurements has been proposed (ISO/CD 15230, 2004) 5) . A few recent studies have established the general relationships among the total contact force, the peak contact pressure, and the grip and push forces on cylindrical handles, as well as the effect of the handle size on the relationships 7,8) . Another recent study has identified the effects of the hand and handle sizes on the distribution of the maximum voluntary grip force in two orthogonal axes on a cylindrical handle 9) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Biodynamic Forces Distributed on the Fingers and the Palm Exposed to Vibration

Dong¹,

Welcome²,

Wu³

2005

Ind Health

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The hand-tool coupling force in the operation of a vibrating tool is generally composed of applied force (AF) and biodynamic force (BF). There is wide interest in quantifying the coupling force. The objectives of this study are to develop an effective method for estimating the BF and to investigate its fundamental characteristics. Using the biodynamic response of the hand-arm system, such as apparent mass or mechanical impedance, and the acceleration that can be measured on vibrating tools, this study proposed an indirect method for the BF estimation. The BFs distributed on the fingers and the palm of the hand along the forearm direction (z h -axis) in the operations of eighteen types of tool were estimated and used to identify the distributed BF characteristics. The results indicate that the BFs depend on both the tool vibration spectrum and the biodynamic properties of the hand-arm system. The dominant BF frequency component is usually at the same frequency as the dominant vibration frequency of each tool. The BF distributed on the palm (2-98 N) is much higher than that distributed on the fingers (1-30 N) at frequencies less than 100 Hz, but these biodynamic forces (2-22 N) are comparable at higher frequencies. The palm BF on several tools with relatively low dominant frequencies (≤ 40 Hz), especially in the resonant frequency range (16-40 Hz), is comparable with the applied palm force (50-100 N). Since the resonant frequency of the palm BF is also in the range of the dominant vibration frequencies of many percussive tools, the palm BF may be related to the disorders in the wrist-arm system. The BF on the fingers is likely to be closely related to the dynamic stresses and deformations in the fingers and it may thus be used to quantify the finger vibration exposure.

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Experimental Investigation To Study the Influence of Handle Diameter on Low‐Frequency, Hand–Arm Vertical Vibration

Alphin

Sankaranarayanasamy

Sivapirakasam

2011

Hum Ftrs & Erg Mfg Svc

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Handle vibration from equipment or machines influences musculoskeletal activity as well as comfort in handling the same. New technology can be worse than no technology if it was not developed correctly as ergonomic research has clearly demonstrated the relationship between injury risk and poorly designed hand tools. Clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that operators of handheld power tools are prone to develop various vibration‐induced disorders of the hand and arm, which are collectively referred to as “hand–arm vibration syndrome.'' The vibration direction has a great influence on the transmitted vibration. The present study focuses the effects of low‐frequency vertical vibration on hand to shoulder from handles of different size. The electrodynamic exciter is used for simulating vibration to a vertical handles of four different diameters. PULSE LabShop software is used for evaluating the magnitude of vibration in different frequency bands. The vibration characteristic data were acquired in the yh axis at the wrist, elbow, and shoulder for bent arm and extended arm postures with vibration excitation of 4.5 m/s2. Transmissibility characteristics are computed to determine the influence of handle diameter in yh vibration transmitted to the hand–arm system. The magnitude of vibration transmitted within the hand, elbow, and shoulder was observed to be dependent on the handle size; larger handles cause higher vibration transmissibility. The results also show that the human hand–arm system in an extended arm posture amplifies the vibration transmitted than bent arm in a small difference. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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An investigation on the relationship between grip, push and contact forces applied to a tool handle

Cited by 79 publications

References 9 publications

Recent Advances in Biodynamics of Human Hand-Arm System

Recent Advances in Biodynamics of Human Hand-Arm System

Estimation of Biodynamic Forces Distributed on the Fingers and the Palm Exposed to Vibration

Experimental Investigation To Study the Influence of Handle Diameter on Low‐Frequency, Hand–Arm Vertical Vibration

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